Dr. Murai Éva - Gubányi András szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 27. (Budapest, 1994)

Out of the 10 experimental birds mixed infection was observed in 4,2 were found infected with ascarids and 1 with heterakids. Here, overall prevalence of infection was 40 %, infection intensity with ascarids was 10 specimens (3-21). Average vitality for the group was 21 % and abundance index was 6.3. For heterakids the corresponding values were 17 % and 4.2, respectively (Table 1). All the control birds were free from ascarids, heterakids and other helminths. DISCUSSION Reciprocal infections of quails and hens with the nematodes A galli and H. gallinae studied by us come from up-to-date demands of ecological investigations. The results of this study indicate that A galli requires 30-33 days while H. gallinae 22-25 days for Teachings maturity in the organism of quails' and hens. Essential differences were not revealed in the development of ascarids and heterakids in mixed infection. Average infection prevalence in hens is 85.7 %, vitality is 37 %, and abundance index is 47 %. The corresponding values for Heterakis are 50 %, 7.4 % and 3.7, respectively. Infection prevalence in quails with A galli is 64.7 %, parasite vitality of the group is 11 %, and abundance index is 10.9. Values obtained for Heterakis are 47 %, 10.5 % and 4.5, respectively. Mixed infection prevalence in hens is 40 %, Ascaridia vitality 21 %, abundance index 6.3, for Heterakis 17 % and 4.2, respectively. Infection prevalence in quails is 29 %, ascaridia vitality 21.6 %, abundance index 4.5; for heterakids 15 % and 3, respectively. It should as well be noted that these parasites develop succesfully in the birds' organisms without exerting a noticeable influence upon each other. Antagonistic behaviour was not recorded in reciprocal relations of helminths in mixed infections, which is explained by their dissimilar location (small intestine, caecum). REFERENCES Artamanova, S. V. (1969): On parasitisation of ascarids, capillarids and coccidia in chickens' intestines. - Veterinarya, 8: 48-49. Gvozdev, E. V, Belokabilenko, V. T. and Maximova, A. P. (1964): Mutual exchange of helminths between wild and domestic birds under conditions of Kazakhstan. - Helminths and helminthoses of domestic birds of Kazakhstan, Alma-Ata, 18-26. Kennedy, K. (1978): Ecological Parasitology. - Moscow, Pub. House "Mir", pp. 230. Khaziev, G. Z. (1978): Dependence on biocenotic mutual relations of ascarids and heterakids from bird species. - Proc. All-Union Parasitological Congress (Poltova, September, 1978), Kiev, 2: 112-113. Lesinsh, K. P., Zarina, R. K., Kazdinia, M. A. and Kasparsone, Z. V. (1978): Mutual relation of ascarids, capillarids and heterakids in hen intestines in the case of natural infection. -Proc. All-Union Parasitological Congress (Poltova, September, 1978), Kiev, 2: 4-5. Tverdokhlebov, P. T. (1965): Cultivation methods of the eggs of Ascaridia galli (Schrank, 1788) and experimental birds' invasion with them under laboratory conditions. - Mat. to the Sei. Conf. of All-Union Helminth. Soc.Acad. Sei, 1: 206-210.