Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 95. (Budapest 2003)
Bernert, Zs.: The anthropological data of Kéthely-Melegoldal cemetery's Keszthely-Culture population
On adults we based our estimations on the surface alterations of facies ossis pubis (TODD 1920) and on the degree of ectocranial (MEINDL & LOVEJOY 1985) and endocranial (NEMESKÉRI et al. 1960) ossification of sutures of brain-cases. We established the advancement of demineralization of inorganic matter in the roots of permanent teeth (LAMENDIN et al. 1992). The wear of permanent teeth was also utilized for the estimation of age according to age-groups (HUSZÁR & SCHRANZ 1952, PERIZONIUS cit. ÉRY 1992). We followed the method of MARTIN & SALLER ( 1957) in scoring measurements and indices. Stature was estimated according to the method of SJ0VOLD (1990). Cranial capacity was calculated by the method of LEE & PEARSON (cit. ÉRY 1992). Seven characteristics were observed for the morphological description of skulls. From the non-metric cranial features analysed we published 32 in tables, and 22 of these were also scored separately according to right (L) and left (R) sides. Within our tables the presence of a given feature was marked by the digit 1, its lack by a 0, and its unobservability (e. g. because of the fragmentary nature of a certain skull) by the marking Suturai bones being present in larger numbers were also marked by their number of pieces, e.g. ossa suturae lambdoidea (L) 2 means two lambda bones found in the left side of sutura lambdoida. Theoretically measurable, yet not measured characteristics (tuberculi, toruses, Spinae) were graded within a three degrees scale (1 = small, 2 = medium, 3 = large). For example spina mentalis 2 stands for a spina mentalis of medium size. We followed the direction of PAP (1992) when describing pathological cases. RESULTS The expressedness of sex Individual values of the 23 sexual characteristics observed were presented in Table 1. Fragmentary and incomplete skeletons produced a situation when not a single characteristic of 11 adults could be evaluated. Average representation did not reach 4 even with individuals where at least one characteristic could be observed (29 individuals), on the other hand each characteristic could be observed only twice in average (Table 2). On the average the expressedness of sex was +0.5 among men and -0.55 among women. The values calculated for individual characteristics were presented in Table 2. Glabella (+1.67), corpus mandibulae (+1.25), and caput femoris (+1.2) proved to be the most masculine features. Incisura ischiadica major (-2), angulus mandibulae (-1.6), and caput femoris (-1.5) were the most feminine from the ones that could be analysed in at least three cases. Linea aspera pilaster and caput femoris turned out to be the most numerously observable characteristics. Demographical analysis The number of individuals taken to Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum was 49 from the dug up graves of this cemetery. The bad
