Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 87. (Budapest 1995)

Bajzáth, J.: Plant macrofossils from Hungarian Pleistocene I. Gymnospermatophyta from Győrújfalu, West Hungary (Preliminary report)

6 J. Bajzáth this age in Hungary. The most important site of Hungarian Pleistocene is Vértesszőlős, which was reported by SKOFLEK & BUDÓ (1967), but they described leaves of conifers. Geological description was given by JÁNOSSY & KROLOPP (1995), so I publish only the sketch of the fluvial strata (Fig. 1), which was discovered in the pit. The peat-lens consists of charred cones, pieces of charred twigs, twiglets and stems. The clay lens contains seeds and fruits of angiosperms. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS Gymnospermatophyta, Pinaceae Pinus silvestris LINNAEUS, 1753 (Figs 2-3) Material: 16 pieces of cones and 20 pieces of ovuliferous scale fragments. Description: Length 25-35 mm, width 18-23 mm x 6-20 mm. All specimens are ovate-cone shaped. Their measures are uniform. The seed-bearing scales (ovuliferous scale or scale) are more or less intact, their lateral margines are parallel. On the scales the margines of shells are rectangular. The umbo of scales, well discernibly, are on the middle of the shells (Figs 2-3). Dimensions of scales: length 4-17 mm, width 5-10 mm. Discussion: Cones are very well preserved, slightly charred, more or less intact and a bit flattened. There is a great number of intact and broken ovoliferous scales and scale fragments of pine-cones in the sediment. They are well determinable. Picea abies (L.) KARSTEN, 1881 (Figs 4-9) M a t e r i a 1: 41 pieces of cones, about 30 pieces of scales. 26 pieces of seeds. Description: The cones are well preserved, but the top of their seed-bearing scales are worn off. They are more or less charred, flattened. Length 26-66 mm, width 15-35 mm x 6-25 mm. Their shape is cylindrical. The apex of the cones is often absent. Their measures and maturity aie various. The bract leaves remained closely to the ovuliferous leaves of the unbroken specimens (Figs 4-7). Length of scales: 7-18 mm, width: 5-15 mm. They show the characteristics of Picea abies scales: their shape is flabellate, the base of the scale is cuneate. Their connection to the axis of cone is very typical hook-like (Fig. 2). Lengths of the naked seeds 3-5.1 mm, width 2.1-2.8mm x 0.2-2 mm. Their shape is inclined obovate, less flattened, and unbroken. The base is drawed-sharpened (Fig. 8). Length of winged seeds (excluding the seed) 2-6 mm, width 2.2-5 mm. The wings hold the seed as a spoon. The wing broadens (Fig. 9). Discussion: There are seeds in some cones, but these specimens are quite well preserved, so they may be younger than the others. Contamination cannot be excluded. There is a great number of intact and broken ovoliferous scales and scale fragments found in the samples, not drawed and not narrower than Picea obovata LEDEBOUR, 1833. Carboniferous naked and winged seeds occurred in the peat-lens among the scales. The wings of the winged seeds are mostly broken, very fine and fragile. They can be easily distinguished from Pinus sylvestris.