Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 85. (Budapest 1993)
Zanetti, A.: Contribution to the knowledge on Eastern Palaearctic Eusphalerum Kraatz with descriptions of new species (Coeloptera, Staphylinidae: Omaliinae)
Phenology and ecology - May and June. The sites are characterized as follows: No. 99: Bagyon popo is a famous waterfall near Kaesong, specimens were collected by netting on shrubs; No. 940: sweeping the sparse vegetation in a mixed wood. SYSTEMATIC REMARKS ON EUSPHALERUM FROM EAST PALAEARCTIC REGION In his recent revision of Omaliinae of Japan WATANABE (1990) attributes the Japanese Eusphaierum species to three groups: E. pollens-group (elytra with neither pubescence nor fine ground sculpture, 26 species); £. japonicum-gxoup (elytra covered with pubescence, 12 species); E. michinoku-group (elytra without pubescence, but covered with fine ground sculpture, 2 species). Nevertheless, WATANABE has not taken into account the character that clearly differentiates all the species living in the Palaearctic Far East (Eastern Siberia, Korea, China and Japan), except only E. mahunkai sp. n., from those living in Western Palaearctic Region and Soviet Central Asia, i.e. the presence of a number of hairs at apex of parameres instead of four hairs gathered in two couples 4 . The number of such apical hairs is very variable (see, for example, Figs 21 and 27) but they are never clustered in two couples. In the Western Palaearctic region, small accessory hairs are present (besides in Eusphaierum lapponicum, that reaches Eastern Siberia, too) in the species of E. scribae-group (ZANETTI 1991) from Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, but such hairs are joined to two apical couples of long hairs. Some accessory hairs grouped to two couples are present in £. (Pareusphalerum) florale (ERICHSON), too. All species from Eastern Siberia, Korea and China that I examined are similar to small Eusphaierum s. str. species from Europe in general shape, and I consider unnecessary to erect a new subgenus based on a single feature of the aedeagus. Therefore, all species of Siberia, Korea and China belong to £. pollens-group sensu WATANABE, even if it seems to be a taxonomic unit broader than the groups erected by European authors (COIFFAIT 1959, ZANETTI 1987). Only £. mahunkai sp. n. belongs to another group (£. /u/vipeTme-group sensu ZANETTI 1990) which is distributed mainly in Central Asia. I consider erroneous the assignment of £. torquatum (MARSHAM) from Europe (with only four apical hairs) to E.japonicum-group (WATANABE 1990). This species belongs to£. torquatum-gioup (ZANETTI 1987) The study of internal sac of Japanese species should be necessary to discriminate clearly the phyletic lines of all species from the Eastern Palaearctic region. * * * Acknowledgments - I would like to thank all the colleagues mentioned in the Introduction for their kind cooperation in sending material on loan. Special thanks are due to Dr. YASUAKI WATANABE (Tokyo University of Agriculture) who has examined all the new species described here and has provided me with the comparisons with the related Japanese species. I thank Miss FEDERICA FENZI for the final inking of the drawings. A few species from Nepal, e.g. E. népalaise SCHEERPELTZ and E. lacinipenne ScHEERPELTZ, also display such character (SCHEERPELTZ 1976). The Eusphaierum species from the great mountain chains north of India are little known at present.
