Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 83. (Budapest 1991)

Kvaček, Z. ; Hably, L.: Notes on the Egerian stratotype flora at Eger (Wind Brickyard), Hungary, Upper Oligocene

ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 83. Budapest, 1991 p. 49-82. Notes on the Egerian stratotype flora at Eger (Wind brickyard), Hungary, Upper Oligocène by Z. KVACEK, Prague & L. HABLY, Budapest KVACEK, Z. & HABLY, L.: Notes on the Egerian stratotype flora at Eger (Wind brickyard), Hungary, Upper Oligocène. - Annls hist-nat Mus. nam. hung. 1991, 83: 000 - 000. Abstract - The flora of the Egerian holostratotype section in the Central Paratethys (Eger-Wind brickyard) is dated by foraminifers (G. opima opima zone) and nannoplankton (NP 24 upper part to NP 25 lower part) into the Upper Oligocène. A critical study of plant macrofossils resulted in the establishment of two new species: Ulmuspseudopyramidalis sp.n. and Ilex ? andreanszkyi sp.n. and several recombinations. Three different taphocenoses at lower, middle and upper level floras are explained as a result of depositional processes rather than climatic oscillations. The total flora includes a high proportion of subtropical plants (Platanus neptuni, Engelliardia orsbergensis, Tetracentron, Lauraceae, Dryophyllum, palms), in riparian habitats intermixed with deciduous elements. With 1 figure and 12 photoplates. INTRODUCTION In 1975 the section in the clay pit at Eger, called traditionally "Wind's brickyard" (EW in the following text) was chosen as the holostratotype of the stage Egerian within the Paratethys regional stratigraphy. In the monograph (BÁLDI & SENES 1975), however, only palynological data but not the macroflora from the EW were included. Since ANDREÁNSZKY'S summary of the flora (ANDREÁNSZKY 1966), in which he included most of the previous data scattered in the literature, the research of other Upper Oligocène sites took long strides (KOVAR 1982, HABLY 1982,1988,1989,1990) and by now it has become necessary to re-evaluate also the flora of EW with respect to the new results gained in systematic paleobotany. For this purpose we revised the most important parts of the collections of the Botanical Department of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (BP), the Hungarian Geological Institute, Budapest (MÁFI) and the Mátra Museum in Gyöngyös (MM) (the latter housing the plant collection of Dobó István Vármúzeum in Eger). In 1990 the senior author together with Mr. A. DÁVID visited the site and collected some additional material. Although the specimens of the lower and partly from the middle level flora are carbonized, attempts to prepare cuticles were successful due to strong pyrite content. Hence the identifications of the macrofossils must be considered only as attempts to clarify the relationship on mere gross morphological features. Very scarce fruit remains associated with leaves yield only limited information of the composition of the flora. The evaluation of the flora does not include palynological data, which have been given in separate papers (NAGY & PALFALVY 1963, PLANDEROVÁ, KLAUS & NAGY in BÁLDI & SENES 1975, NAGY 1979). Only in discussions on the vegetation, paleoclimatical and stratigraphical conclusions the palynological data are also considered. GEOLOGICAL SETTING Most of the macroflora remains have been collected in EW by a well-known Hungarian private collector FERENC LEGÁNYI, who kept precise written notes on his activities (now deposited at MM). The section of the clay pit was described by BÁLDI (e. g. BÁLDI 1966, 1973, in BÁLDI & SENES 1975). The lower part of the deposits is develo-