Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 77. (Budapest 1985)
Gladkova, T. D. ; Tóth, T.: Additional data to the dermatoglyphics of Hungarians
ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MTJSEI NATION ALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 11. Budapest, 1985 p. 291-300. Additional data to the dermatoglyphics of Hungarians by T. D. GLADKOVA, MOSCOW & T. A. TÓTH, Budapest Abstract —New dermatoglyphical data of 5 Hungarian male groups from Taktaharkány, Taktakenéz, Aszaló, Boldva and Kunmadaras are presented. A comparative analysis of finger and palmar prints of 26 local Hungarian male groups (3207 individuals) is given. With 5 tables and 5 figures. The goal of the present work is to make available for scientific research the accessorial material of finger and palm patterns of Hungarians from Taktaharkány (167 men), Taktakenéz (129), Aszaló (132), Boldva (94) and Kunmadaras (84 men). At the same time, we shall attempt to sum up the previous studies of Hungarian skin patterns and define the place of each groups investigated by us (GLADKOVA & TÓTH 1973, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1982—1983. 1984) as compared with the Russian of Valdai (PROKUDINA 1971), taken as the representees of Europeans, and the Kazakh (GLADKOVA 1964), attributed to the South-Siberian anthropological type which is characterized by the predominance of Mongoloid peculiarity (GINZBURG 1951). Thus the dermatoglyphical patterns of 26 local groups of Hungarian men (3207 individuals) were compared. The palm- and fingerprints of Hungarian men collected in 1969-1971 by T. Tóth among rural populations in various regions of the Hungarian People's Republic (Fig. 1). The prints have been analyzed by according to the method described by CUMMINS & MIDLO (1961). Results and discussion First of all one's attention is turned to the character of the hand skin patterns of the studied groups (Tables 1-4). As far as the bilateral variations and the distribution of the patterns on digits I-V and the palm pads of the right and left hands in our groups are concerned, they are almost the same as in other peoples, hence we present only their pooled data. Finger patterns^-Table 1 shows the extensive variability, dispersity and crossing similarity in the frequency of the finger pattern types in our samples. So, for example, the geographically close north-eastern groups Taktaharkány and Taktakenéz differ from each other more than the Taktaharkány sample from Kunmadaras in the Middle Tisza region. According to world reports (CHAMLA 1962, 1963; REMANE et al. 1962; GLADKOVA 1966) loops (L) and whorls (W) occur in Caucasoid peoples in 56-75 % and 20-49 %, respectively, in Mongoloid peoples the corresponding figures are 43-59 % and 38-59 %. The frequency of archs and the delta index (Dl 10 ) varies in Caucasoids from 3.0 to 12.0% and 10.77-14.65, respectively in Mongoloids from 0.0 to 6.0% and 13.45-15.90 deltas, respectively. As a rule, in Caucasoids L > W, in Mongoloids on the contrary, W > L. According to these traits, our groups are at the limit of the range of Europoids. The main palm lines ABCD —The endings of the lines ABCD and their basic types are given in Table 2 and 3, from which it can be seen that in this trait, as well as in the finger patterns, extreme group variability may also be observed. So, the frequency of type 3 of the line A varies from 57.92 (Taktaharkány) to 75.09% (Aszaló) and type 5 of this line—from 11.67 (Aszaló) to 34.13% (Kunmadaras); the frequency of type 7 of line D varies within the limits 10.89 (Aszaló)—19.56% (Boldva) and type 11 D from 37.74% (Aszaló) to 50.30% (Kunmadaras). The Cummins index is 4.98 (Aszaló)—8.58 (Kunmadaras). According to PLATO'S classification (1970), in Mongoloids the ulnar type of line C (Fields 4+5'+ 5"+6+7) is more frequent than the radial type (9+10 + 11+12 + 13); in Caucasoids the opposite relationships have been observed. In our samples Aszaló and Kunmadaras the radial type of the line C is found more frequent than the ulnar type; in the remaining groups the ulnar type is more frequent. In our groups the proximal type of line C(8 +x) is more abundant than the absence of the triradius "c" (0) which is on the whole typical for Caucasoids.
