Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 64. (Budapest 1972)

Jánossy, D.: Middle Pliocene microvertebrate fauna from the Osztramos Loc. 1. (Northern Hungary)

Leporid, g. et sp. indet. Two molar fragments from loc. 1/b, three others, a radius-fragm., an ulna fr., phalanges, and a fragment of an upper incisor from loc. 1/c belong to a larger hare-like animal. Since the characteristic lower P

3 is lacking, not even a generic determination is possible (Hypolagus?). Ochotonid, g. et sp. indet. An upper incisor from loc. 1/b, characteristically grooved on the anterior side, proves the presence of an Ochotonid in the fauna. Cercopithecid, indet. A single anterior phalanx 1. (length about 15 mm) indicates the presence of a monkey. The bone stands in form and proportions nearer Cercopithecus than Macacus. Mustéiul, I-II-III. A crow

r

n of an M

1 from loc. 1/b, with the largest measurement (width) of 4.8 mm, resembles that of Pliovormela beremendensis, but it is a smaller. An upper P

1 stand morphologically and in size nearest to the stoat (Mnstela erminea, length of the tooth 6.0 mm). A third Mustelid is represented by an anterior fragment of a lower jaw containing I

2

, I

3

, C and P

2-P

4

, agreeing the most with the recent polecat (P. pidorius) though with a considerable difference in the premolar reduction (larger P

2

). In view of the fragmentary condition of the remains as well as our extremly imperfect knowledge of the small Mustelids of the European Pliocene, I do not even attempt a nearer identification. Cervid indet. (size of Hydropotes) An M

3 from a typical, but very small Cervid, originating from loc. 1/c deserves special interest. The length of the tooth is about 14 mm, it is slightly hypselodont and smaller than that of any deer in our Pliocene (Cervavitus-Procapreolus, ,,Cervus" philisi or ramosus, as well as Capreolus are considerably larger). In size the remain stands nearest to that of Hydropotes inermis (M

3 13.9 mm) in the collection of the Natural History Museum, Budapest, without assuming the identity of the two forms. We may stress only the first evidence of the presence of a dwarf deer ( ?Tragulidae-Moscidae-group) in the Pliocene of Hungary.