Szekessy Vilmos (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 55. (Budapest 1963)

Topál, Gy.: The bats of a Lower Pleistocene site from Mt. Kövesvárad near Répáshuta, Hungary

150 gy. topai. only with the available recent M. dasycneme but also with an ample series from the Kiss (Solymár). Accordingly, the differences, that is, congruences between M. dasycneme, M. baranensis, and M. oxygnathus are as follows. The width of the fossil trochlea is somewhat greater than in M. dasycneme. The processus entepicondylus rises considerably above the level of the trochlea, while that of M. dasycneme and M. oxygnathus sinks down to, or even beyond, this height, (figs. 15, 16). Beside the inner knob, a fine crest rises on the dorsal side of the trochlea, the same as in M. oxygnathus, while M. dasycneme is destitute of it (figs. 11—13). The proc. entepicondylus is not only low, but, as related to M. dasycneme, it protrudes less posteriorly, just as in M. oxygnathus. The surface of the muscular attachment on the exterior end of the trochlea tapers less upwards than in M. dasycneme, and it is also shorter. This conforms again with M. oxygnathus. According to our present knowledge, it is with M. baranensis that there appear in the Carpathian Basin the so-called large Myotis taxa, the primeval representatives of the subgenus Myotis. Aside of its occurrences in Villány and Beremend, therefore in the faunas of the Villány horizon of the Lower Pleistocene — the new locality of the taxon is worthy of note. At the same time, it is one of the bat species which render ancient features to the bat aggregations of Répáshuta. Myotis cf. delicatus HELLER Right P

4, M

1

2 exemplars; left upper C, F

4, M

1 2 ex., M

2. Right mandibular fragments 5 ex., with teeth M

t

—M

2; separate M

t; left mandibles and mandibularv fragments 8 ex., with teeth M

2

—M

3, separate M

?, M

3, M fragments 2 ex. Distal portion of right humerus, distal portion of radius, proximal portion of femur, proximal portion of tibia, fragmentary cochlea 3 ex.; proximal portion of left radius 3 ex., proximal portion of femur, fragment of scapula, scapular portion of clavieula 4 ex., fragmentary cochlea 2 ex. A total of 45 remains, originating of at least 5 specimens. Length of M

1 1,32—1,36 mm, width of M

1 1,40—1,52 mm, length of M

2 1,30 mm, width of M

2 1,52—1,64 mm, length of M

t 1,32 mm, length of M, 1,28—1,36 mm, length of M

3 1,20—1,24 mm, width of M

3 0,72—0,80 mm. width of M

3 talonid 0,58—0,60 mm. Though the material is ample, its fragmentary state, and especially the absence of teeth in the mandibles, do not allow a detailed study of the remains. While the length of the mandibular toothrow is apparently corresponding to that of the recent M. daubentoni, the length of M

x

—M

3 — due manifestly to the large size of the molars — is about 3,9 mm as against the recent values 3,4—3,6 mm. And this is characteristical of HELLER'S Myotis delicatus (HELLER, 1). Among 23 M. daubentoni, I found only three which attains the length of the smallest fossil M

2, two of which agreed with the smallest length of M

3, and none among the Mj teeth which could quite come up to the length of the fossil M

r The dentitiona' features referring to an alliance with M. daubentoni are the following. The alveoli of the lower C teeth are rather round and not large. The small premolars, as is to be inferred from their alveoli, are in similar proportion to each other as in the recent species. The incision between the paraconid and metaconid of the lower molars is deep. The single upper C found is also similar to that of M. daubentoni. I have compared the Bépáshuta remains also with a series of twelve specimens of M. brandti from the Biss (SMymár). The anterio-interior additional apex of P

4 is strikingly high (fig.

8), displayed by one or two M. daubentoni only, but as high as in most M. brandti. The M

1 teeth resemble much more those