Czére Andrea szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 105. (Budapest, 2006)
MARIANNA DÁGI: Training the Eye: Technical Details as Clues in the Attribution of Ancient Jewellery
An example of the former is his 1988 article, and the latter is exemplified by his study of the attribution of Pontic jewellery published a decade later. For Williams' opinions on the role of technical details in attribution, see Williams 1998, 100. Sec ibid., 99. For a catalogue-type description of the pieces discussed in this article, see Appendix II. For detailed discussion, see Appendix I. In the case of the earring-pair nos. 3-4, the catch-ring has survived only on the piece no. 3. Different long arches, with straight and diverging sides, can be seen on the earring-pair nos. 5-6. See figs. 5/h., 6/h.. See Appendix I. For detailed discussion, see Appendix I. For a description of the making of the ball-shaped part, see Appendix I. Parallels for its technique of manufacture can be seen on bull's-head earrings from Cyprus and Egypt. Here, too we can see the use of the narrowing cut, which points to these pieces having been made in the same way as the ones from Budapest. (See in Pfrommer 1990, 391, OR 487, tab. 25. pi. 4; St. M. Lubsen-Admiraal, Ancient Cypriote Art. The ThanosN. Zintilis Collection, Athens 2004, 289, nos. 594 and 596; nos. 290 and 597.) Another structural element of the earring-pair nos. 5-6—the hoop, which is built up from strips of sheet-gold and strip-twisted wire twisted alternately around the base-tube —also has parallels in the material from Cyprus and Egypt. (See Pfrommer 1990, 391, OR 496-497, OR 487, OR 494, OR 495a, tab. 25, pl. 1, 4, 5, 6; Lubsen-Admiraal 2004, nos. 288-89, 593-94; A. Piérides, Jewellery in the Cyprus Museum, Nicosia 1971, 32, tab. 21, pis. 6-7.) It is therefore possible that the simultaneous use ol a complex connecting element, its "ball" part made with the narrowing cut, and a hoop made from sheet-strips and strip-twisted wire twisted alternately around the base-tube on bull's-head hoop earrings is an Egyptian and Cypriot phenomenon. The question requires further study. (M. Pfrommer has suggested that this variant on the "Bügel" and "Manschette" appears in areas under Egyptian influence, but made no detailed study to support the claim. See Pfrommer 1990, 164-66.) Further details are only partially identifiable on earring no. 8, because of the poor condition of that piece. For a detailed discussion, see the Appendix I. The rows of punched lines decorating the bull's cheeks also point to the same conclusion. See figs. 7/a-h. This is relevant to an ideal situation, when goldsmiths do not treat their technical knowledge as trade secrets. See on this point the family workshop model evolved by Dyfri Williams (Williams 1998, 100).
