Tátrai Vilmos szerk.: A Szépművészeti Múzeum közleményei 94. (Budapest, 2001)

GYŐRY, HEDVIG: To the Interpretation of Pataikos Standing on Crocodiles

4) bifrons (with falcon head on the back side and wearing usually the atef crown)

1

1 5) composite god (with lion head and crocodile tail)

12 The Pataikos amulet of the Museum of Fine Arts, was produced during the middle phase of the production of the Pataikos standing on crocodiles amulets. It belongs to the branch of the type development, which gradually advanced the classical Pataikos amulet type. The crocodiles under the legs and the snakes winding out of the mouth have practically disappeared, the shape of the objects held in the hands form a transition between a knife and a snake. On the top of the head of the figure a scarab in low relief is represented. Instead of this generally used scarab, on other pieces of this type also the double ostrich feather crown can occur.

13 It was sometimes made independently and was subsequently put onto the statuette. A bore-hole in the head of a Cairo statuette (CG 38.801) could also serve to fix a tall crown as e.g. an atef crown completed with scarab

14 or as a combination of full moon and crescent.

15 On the head of the god represented on the amulets found at Saqqara and Mit Rahineh, now in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo,

16 there is a snake-head. The small grooves on the face of the Budapest piece are probably results of the defectiveness of finish. Snakes winding out of the mouth have completely disappeared. These snakes are often hardly perceptible on other statuettes, too, or have only been preserved in traces without any meaning. On the pieces with more complete iconography the representation of the snakes could be both strikingly marked deep line

17 and conspicuous raised relief.

18 The narrow collar, put itself on raised collar-like breasts on the Pataikos amulet, is indeed an unusual detail as compared to classical Pataikos amulets. The origin or pos11 CG 38.798, 38. 817, 38. 818, 38. 819, 38.820 = Daressy, op. cit., pl. XLII, p. 204; Sliwa, i.,Egyptian Scarabs, Scaraboids and Plaques from the Cracow Collections. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego DCCLX, Prace Archeologicyne, Zeszyt 38, Studia /. Archeologii Sródziemnomorskiej, Zeszyt 8, Crakow, p. 54, no. 78, pl. XIII; Louvre N 3704=AE 03212 (kind information of Catherine Bridonneau ). 12 Daressy, op. cit. (note 7). CG 38.821, 38.822. 13 E. g. CG 38.809: Daressy, op. cit. (note 7). pi. XLII, p. 202 - Third Intermediate Period by its style, see: Györy, H., Une amulett particulière du Dieu Bes. BullMusHongrBA 70-71 (1989) p. 11, fig. 9, note 2. 14 E. g. CG 38.812: Daressy, op. cit. (note 7), pl. XLII. p. 203 - elaboration of the arms and eyes, the form of the head suggests Memphite model from the Late Period (cf. Pétrie, Fl., Memphis 1, London 1908, pl. XLVII, p. 14. - about B. C. 300); Brunton, op. cit. (note 5), pi. LVIII. no. 39 - tomb 1204. 15 E. g. CG 38.818 (bifrons. Tell Moqdam): Daressy, op. cit. (note 7), pi. XLII, p. 204 - the angular rendering of the breast at falcon-headed side is more characteristic during the Late Period, but the rendering of limbs can take possibility to an earlier date. Most probably the period of the manufacture would be during 25/26th Dynasty. 16 CG 38.813-814: Daressy, op. cit. (note 7), pi. XLII, p.

203 - Its stylistic interest is a long groove running on the belly and ending in the ring of the navel. On the base of a Pataikos protected by a winged goddess, found in Illahun, the amulet can be dated to the Third Intermediate Period (Pétrie, op. cit. (note 8). pi. 29, no. 43.), cf. Andrews, op. cit. (note 5), p. 38. Fig. 34b; Daressy, op. cit. (note 7), PI. XLII. 17 E. g. CG 38.801, 38.802, 38,812.38.818: Daressy, op. cit. (note 7). PI. XLII. 18 E. g. Randall - Maclver-Mace, op. cit. (note 6). pl. XLV. tomb 28. pp. 78, 79. 88, 98-99; Downes. op. cit. (note 6), p. 52, no. 227; Daressy, op. cit. (note 7), pi. XLII.