Kiss Kitti: Kovácsolt és öntöttvas edények a magyar szabadtéri múzeumokban (A Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum tárgykatalógusai, Skanzen könyvek. Szentendre, Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum, 2012)

Melléklet

DIMENSION OF VESSELS CLEANING AND STORING OF VESSELS In the Duat Monarchy of Austria-Hungary the unified decimal division, dimension based system of measures was introduced in 1876. Most of the vessels in the museum's possession have numbering which refers to the volume in litre, we also checked and tested them from time to time. When checking the vessels from Pilzen it appeared that numbering was always in litre. In some cases we saw numbering based on eighth parts (1/8, 5/8) but it also referred to the volume in litre. Few vessels had unknown origin numbering. The volume of unmarked vessels was found out with comparison and usually on the basis of unified mouth diameter. According to our results the smallest flat-bottomed vessel was holding 0,12 (1/8) litre, the largest was containing 25 litre. Between the to value 1/2, 5/8, 3/6, 1, 1 Vz, 2, 2 Vz, 3, 3 1/2, 6, 5, 6, 10, 20 litre volume occurs. Most of the pans (22 pieces) were holding 2-2 V2 litres, 16 pieces were containing 3-3 V2 litres and other 16 vessels were holding 5-6 litres. In the collection 9 large-sized pans containing about 20 litres are to be found. 6 was discovered in Great Plains region (in Hajdúsámson 2005.153.1., 2005.153.6., in Mikepércs 96.131.26. in Karcag 2005.93.1) 2 in Southern Transdanubia region (in Bajánsenye 82.59.61.), 1 in North-Hungary (in Márianosztra 90.25.179.) and 1 in Kisalföld region (Bezi). The volume of pots is between 5/8 and 20 litres, most of them are holding 6-5 litres. Most of the cast-iron spiders [18 pieces) were holding about 1-1 V2 litres. This fact indicates that these vessels were used for sautéing, frying onion and thickening smaller amount of base. Most of the wrought iron spiders were usually larger than cast-iron spiders and they were holding 2-6 litres. Map 11. The global map of the places of collection. PROCURING Cast-iron and wrought vessels made in manufactories or factories got to customers by way of trade or through hardware stores and stallholders. Vessels were usually bought in towns or markets nearby. In few cases vessels got to users from fare places. Vessel number 89.11.6. and 89.11.21. was collected in Kisberzseny by Györgyi Csukás but they were bought in Czechoslovakia when the sellers mother visited her husband who did his military service there. No. 86.68.26. iron pan collected by Tünde Zentai in Drávapalkonya was carried on raft down the Drava. Also Tünde Zentai collected the three-legged iron pan (79.18.132.) which was shipped down the Danube to Szekszárd. Iron pan 2003.63.6. holding 20 litres was first used in Andrásfalva by the sellers mother and later her daughter used it in Hidas (this vessel was also collected by Tünde Zentai). Sandstone powder was used to clean cast iron vessels. The cleaning was described in detail by János Nagyváthy in his writing about the end of the 18th c.: „Passage IVon G. women's chores §132 Vessels left uncleaned results not only in disgust and loathing but for many it is harmful and venomous too... 4. Uncleaned vessels will get rusty. A good housewife does not allow this and she polishes the small ones with sandstone powder or ash every day. She soaks the ones used rarely in dregs of wine at the end of each quarter for 48 hours and heavily rubs them with standstone powder and lye-ashes and leaves them dry in the sun. This is a very decent way of cleaning.

" There were a few sandstone powder vendors in villages in the 1920s.

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6 The vessels were stored on stove seats, on furnaces or on pantry and kitchen shelves. The semicircular handles fixed on the rims of cast iron vessels made it possible to hang them on the wall. There was a hole on the handles to hang the vessels on the wall. Big vessels used rarely were stored in the attic. REPAIRED VESSELS The iron pen 83.35.8. was bound with wire, Péter Kecskés bought it in Dömsöd, there is no burst over it. 87.12.117. is a pot from Göcsej Village Museum, the vessel's lower third was repaired with plates and was bound with wire. Péter Kecskés bought the iron pan (83.35.2) in Gyöngyös which was repaired by fastening the bound with wire to the handles running round under the mouth-rim. A copper hoop running round under the mouth-rim holds together the vessel from Gyöngyös (2005.68.10). Friderika Bíró discovered the iron pan (77.10.324) in Rédics which has a burst held together by a thicker wire running over the vessel's bottom. Often if the legs were broke off the new legs were fixed to the mangled parts as replacements (80.10.1.). If only a small part broke off from one leg the other legs were usually shortened as adjustment. Lot of wrought iron vessels were repaired with riveted plates like vessel 67.1.21. from Göcsej Village Museum which was fixed with this process at the side and at the bottom. We do not have detailed information about the craftsmen who repaired vessels but probably the binding with wire was made by tinker craftsmen, wrought iron vessel's were repaired by gypsy tinkers, and smiths accomplished this work too. Smaller damages were fixed by the owner himself. Repairing the vessels refers to their value. "NAGY, G. 1983, p. HO 42