Cseri Miklós: Néprajz és muzeológia, Tanulmányok a népi építészet és a múzeumi etnográfia köréből (Studia Folkloristica et Ethnographica 51. Debrecen ,Szentendre, Debreceni Egyetem Néprajzi Tanszék, 2009)
TELEPÜLÉS - ÉPÍTÉSZET - LAKÁSKULTÚRA - ETHNOGRAPHY AND MUSEOLOGY STUDIES IN FOLK ARCHITECTURE AND MUSEOLOGICAL ETHNOGRAPHY
time and the visitors have to be appealed by further attractions. Of course, it is only possibly by taking into consideration the original scientific ideas. It is interesting that several open air museums return to the traditional ethnographical exhibition forms by this enriching their program and educate visitors more and more. DEMONSTRATION OF CHANGING THE WAY OF LIVING IN THE OPEN AIR MUSEUMS The Rhyd-y-car project carried out at the Welsh Folk Museum and recorded in this article is unique in Britain and probably in Europe. It has broken new ground in the presentation of the daily life of urban communities in Wales by re-erecting and re-furnishing six small ironthen mineworkers' houses from Merthyr Tudful (in South Wales) at six different periods in their history. This building shows how they altered from 1800 to the present day. Both documentary evidence and oral recollections have been used to show that the everyday life of ordinary people is a vibrant, continouosly-changing, and above all, interesting, phenomenon. This project is an example of the exciting new approach now being undertaken by the Welsh Folk Museum in St Fagans in its task of teaching the world about Wales, and the Welsh people about their own fatherland. At the second part of this article the author tried to fix some of his esperiences and thoughts about this project that probably would be interesting and useful for the scientific workers and researchers of the Hungarian open air museums. THE UPLAND MARKET TOWN REGIONAL UNIT IN THE HUNGARIAN OPEN AIR MUSEUM OF SZENTENDRE The culture of the Upland market town - situated in the hills - is part of both the scientific research concept and the exhibition - organising program of the Flungarian Open Air Museum in Szentendre. Although this topic is less known and respected from the aspect of research and the preservation of tangible heritage it is a significant part of our national heritage. The overall introduction of the region is a unique attempt — made by the Hungarian Open Air Museum first - to show this part of the country from the viewpoint of cultural history and ethnography. The construction of the building complex is facilitated by the ethnographical research work, the study of authentic documents in archives and the architectural survey. The culture of the typical uplander stone architecture of the 17—19' 1' centuries can be characterised by the activities of winemaking, wine trade and different guilds. The influence of viniculture, shaping the settlements, turning them into towns is characteristic in the whole region. Besides the white wine of Tokaj - being a hungaricum - the red wines of Gyöngyös were widespread and popular for centuries, not only in Hungary, but — as the part of a longdistance European trade — in faraway European countries too. This productional activity determined the life of the inhabitants at the turn of the 18—19 t U centuries, which is the target period of the exhibitions concerning representation. The concept's original and copy buildings from Mád, Tállya, Hejce, Erdőbénye, Tokaj and Gyöngyös were chosen to represent the more significant functional versions of the region's stone architecture. Besides, they are also characteristic from the point of view of ground plans. These buildings were erected on narrow sites with a wine-house, a cellar and in some cases with a workshop. Concerning the furnishings of the edifices we emphasise the economical activities of the owner families and their craft. In the permanent exhibitions 403
