Cseri Miklós, S. Laczkovits Emőke szerk.: A Balaton felvidék népi építészete - A Balatonfüreden 1997. május 21-23-án megrendezett konferencia anyaga (Szentendre: Szabadtéri Néprajzi Múzeum; Veszprém: Laczkó Dezső Múzeum, 1997)
LICHTNECKERT András: Szőlőhegyek - hegyközségek a 16-l9.században
Wenn wir die Gründe der Unterschiede in den einzelnen Weinregionen in den Bereichen von Selbstverwaltung und Besiedlung erforschen möchten, müssen wir mehrere Faktoren berücksichtigen, wie z.B. die Person des Gutsherrn, die Besitzpolitik der Herrschaftsgüter, die Traditionen der Domäneverwaltung und als Folge der Vernichtung von Gemeinden, die Entstehung von Weinbergen, die jeweils auf dem ehemaligen Ort einer verwüsteten Gemeinde angesiedelt wurden. Vineyard hills - hill municipalities in the 16th— 19th centuries ANDRÁS LICHTNECKERT The author gives a survey about three important guestions raised about the history of the wine region of the Balaton-Uplands. 1. The mobility of the proprietary situation of the wine region from the Middle Ages up to now and especially from the 18th century onwards framed the construction activities and the process of populating the vineyard hills. Data taken from attested church registries and municipal registers of real estate transactions show that before 1711 only 8-9 % of agreements on purchases and sales of vineyards mention buildings in the vineyard. 2. Before the regulation in the county in 1852 the vineyards did not have a homogenous system of self-administration. In the Eastern part, on the estates of the chapter of Veszprém and of the Jesuit Order, the administration of the village municipalities dealt with the matters of the vineyard hills. The vineyard rules were adjusted through manorial measures in 1727 and 1733. The well known council of vineyards of the period is the "hillmaster", who is not the same as the "hill judge". In the Western part, in the wine region of Badacsony and Keszthely hill rules were applied before 1752 and hill judges were also known. 3. The Balaton-Uplands are not showing a homogenous pattern in the process of populating the vineyard hills. The settling of large groups of population occurred from West to East with postponement. In the region of Keszthely municipalities were formed from the dispersed vineyards till 1850. In the region of Badacsony the vineyard population has increased considerably until the First World War. The proportion of the vineyard population is the smallest in the region of Balatonfüred-Csopak, with the exception of Balatonalmádi, a holiday village developed from a former vineyard. If we want to study the reason of the differences in the wine regions in the field of self-administration and process of population, we have to take into consideration several factors, like the person of the lord, the proprietary policy of the estates, the traditions of managing the big estates and as a conseguence of the destruction of the villages, the development of vineyards, which were cultivated on the former places of destroyed villages.
