J. Antall szerk.: Medical history in Hungary 1972. Presented to the XXIII. International Congress of the History of Medicine / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 6. (Budapest, 1972)

I. Friedrich: The Spreading of Jenner's Vaccination in Hungary

I. Friedrich : The Spreading of Jenner's Vaccination in Hungary 147 of Protective-Smallpox". In his book he mentioned the name of seventeen PestBuda and twenty-six country doctors, who had performed Jenner's vaccination already before 1802. At Pest University Bene was the first who lectured on vaccination it the academic year 1803/04. After Bene János Streit, the medical officer of Buda, vaccinated publicly in September 1801 and in October Mihály Lenhossék (1773—1840), the chief medical officer of Esztergom (later chief medical officer of Hungary), who had already vaccinated more than G00 persons.

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8 Mention should be made of Zsigmond Riegler, the chief medical officer of the county Békés, who got acquainted with the principles and the technical questions of vaccination in Pest, then returned to his county in January 1801 and started practicing it, while also teaching it to the other doctors and sugeons. In order to bring the case of vaccination to success he visited the clergymen and principals of the villages and the landlords of the county and asked for their help and support. Beside the above mentioned persons József Csehszombati, a doctor of great knowledge practising in Pest, and medical officers János Hell in Sopron county, József Csorba in Somogy, Imre Sándor in Bihar, György Marikovszky in Gömör; and Zakariás Huszty, chief medical officer of the town of Pozsony performed free inoculations. The latter was the author of the first official instruction for doctors and surgeons in connection with the procedure of vaccination in 1801.

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9 In Transylvania the priority belongs to József Szotyory (1766—1833). His first vaccination took place in Marosvásárhely and he worked a lot in order to put an end to epidemics. "I was the first in Transylvania who took troubles to further spreading and maintenance of vaccination and who carried out vaccination luckily

—on 14th September 1801 for the first time"

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0, he wrote in the first scientific medical review, Orvosi Tár (Medical Collection) THE PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF VACCINATION Jenner's vaccination soon became known in all civilized countries. With its spreading the frequencity and destructive power of epidemics decreased proportionally. Vaccination improved in the course of practicing it thousand and thousand times, as man was supplied by better and better tools, the results of practice and necessity. A book, published in 1802, enumerated four kinds of vaccinations. One 1

8 Gortvay, György: Az újabhkori magyar orvosi művelődés és egészségügy története (The History of Modern Medical Culture and Public Health in Hungary) Vol. 1. Bp. 1953. p. 14. l

a Gortvay, György: A himlőoltás magyar története. (The Hungarian History of Vaccination). Népeg. ügy. 1950. No. 12. p. 677. 2

0 Szotyory, József: Valódi himlők, védhimlők után (Real Variola After Protecting Variola). O. T. 1831. Second Term, Fourth Book, p. 48. 10 Orvostörténeti Közlemények 6.