Antall József szerk.: Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 5. (Budapest, 1972)

Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts (Guide for the Exhibition)

for public health, promoted the development of clinics and laid down the foundations of the further education of physicianas. He took an active part in the programs for reforming Hungarian public health in the last third of the 19th century

: the establishment of the National Public Health Council, and National Public Health Association and he played a direct part in drafting the Public Health Law (1876: XIV) which reorganized Hungarian medicine. The show-case and the panel are dedicated to the life and work of Markusovszky presenting documents on certain important mile-stones of his career. Above the large show-case with a glass walls there is a picture of the professor of the medical faculty of the University of Pest dating from 1863, a litography by József Aíarđsfom(i834-i895)(Fig. 64.). In the show-case the following objects can be seen

: surgical instruments dating from 1827, an autopsy document from the St. Rochus Hospital with the signature of Semmelweis¡ and the copy of Semmelweis's skull made after the exhumation in 1963. 3. Sándor Lumniczer Sándor Lumniczer (1821-1892) (Fig. 65.), another great personality of the Balassa circle, was the grandson of István Lumniczer, the founder of the "dynasty". He studied in Pest and Vienna and obtained his diploma in Pest in 1844 and his degree of master of obstetrics in Vienna in 1847. Both diplomas are on show together with the enlarged photograph of Lumniczer and his disciples. His thesis entitled "Orvossebészi értekezés a képið sebészetről" ('Physico-surgical treaty on Plastic Surgery') written in 1844 is a basic work in the history of plastic surgery in Hungary. He took an active part in the War of Independence. He was medical officer in chief of a battalion and later surgeon-major and private medical officer to Görgey

. In June 1849 he was appointed head of the Public Health Department of the Ministry of Defense. After the surrender at Világos which ended the Hungarian War of Independence, he was condemned for working as a malenurse and only Böhm, his colleague in Vienna, could save him from this job. During the so-called Bach-regime, the period of Austrian neoabsolutism in the 1850's his articles were published in the Medical Weekly. He took part in the work of the Budapest Medical Association and was its president between 1880 and 1886. Then he became head of the Surgical Department of the St. Rochus Hospital. In 1872 he was appointed assistant professor and from 1880 onwards professor at the University of Pest. Beside his activity as a professor he took an active part in the organization of public health in Hungary. In 1895 he was appointed member of the Upper House. In the show-case dedicated to his life and work we have exhibited a golden copy of the so-called Lumniczer forceps which is named after him. It was