Antall József szerk.: Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts / Orvostörténeti Közlemények – Supplementum 5. (Budapest, 1972)

Pictures from the Past of the Healing Arts (Guide for the Exhibition)

bellows), melting pots made of graphite and terracotta; tin, bronze and copper scoops and weights (Fig. 29.). The corner recreating such medieval atmosphere aims at illustrating the starting point, alchemy, from where development lead in the direction of the scientific approach of the 18th century. 5. The Telekessy Pharmacy at Eger István Telekessy (1633-1715), bishop of Eger, was an outstanding personality of the anti-Habsburg liberation was (1703-1711) led by Ferenc Rákóczi - who despite being a Catholic member of the Upper House voted for the dethronement of the Habsburgs at the Parliament at Ónod in 1707. He was the founder of the Pharmacy of the Jesuits at Eger in 1713 - one of the three pharmacies established by that order which has come down to us in a more or less unharmed state. In the photomontage of this pharmacy there is one of the most precious Hungarian apothecary bottles to be seen. The prismatic white glazed bottles were produced at the Holies faience factory established in 1743. They contained various fluids. (Plate VI.) The colours of the latebaroque polychrome cartouche decorated with the Telekessy coat of arms can compare with the most beautiful Italian and French products. The syrup containing jug decorated with the emblem of the Jesuit order (the monogramm HS) is also special interest. The wooden vessels painted black are of later origin revealing Empire characteristics; they also excel with their beauty. 6. Pharmaceutical relics from the ijth century to the middle of the 18th century The pharmaceutical relics from the 17th century to the middle of the 18th century are displayed on a modern space-lattice of double lighting. (Fig. 30.). First a coloured map attracts our attention showing the geographical location of the Hungarian pharmacies established before 1750 and still working in the 19th century. A characteristic feature is the pitiful standard of health supply in the Great Plain, where the number of inhabitants greatly decreased on account of the Turkish domination. Moving on one can see a cross-section of the art of European faience pharmacy jars. Here, too, the Italian jars predominate; vessels from Rome, Urbino, Pesaro (Fig. 31.), Savona, Castelli, Sicily, Liguria, etc. are put on display (Plate VII). Other vessels of various shapes and origins are form Spain (Talavera), Germany (a rare one from Hamburg with the monogramm D.S.), the Netherlands, France (Moųs ers). The wooden and glass pharmacy jars are mainly of Hungarian origin. The arrangement in frames is a good means for presenting the less artistical but for the preparat-