Kapronczay Károly szerk.: Orvostörténeti Közlemények 202-205. (Budapest, 2008)
TANULMÁNYOK — ARTICLES - FORRAI, Judit: History of the politics of prostitution in Hungary (19-20th c.). - A 19-20. századi magyar prostitúciópolitika története
In order to calm their supposed or real qualms of conscience, landlords made brothelowners pay a much steeper rent than others. This is how the situation was able to come about that the Municipal Council of Works rented most of their houses out to proprietors of brothels. The number of out-brothel prostitutes and private courtisans, grew to tenfold, related to in-brothels' ones. Not only the in-brothel prostitutes belonged to the "collective sinners" but also the numerous hidden streetworkers. In-brothel prostitution proved no longer to be sufficient:because the entertaining business and new and open forms in the sexuality became significant. At the turn of the century a lot of amusement places opened employing women personnel and, because of the sexual nature of these establishments, they achieved an increasing turnover. Police permits for prostitute's were modified and a temporary permit was available for private the woman, who besides her regular work made prostitution a secondary job. The uncontrolled private and secret prostitutes, the number of which surpassed tenfold that of registered prostitutes, was a great problem partly from a medical perspective and partly financially because of tax evasion. Work possibilities for women were rather poor in the period examined. According to statistical data from 1881 women were employed in following disciplines 12 : Servant 28.986 head Teacher 1.110 head Day-woman 12.895 Dressmaker 985 Needleworkcr 6.309 Private 869 Washwoman 2.686 Marketer 763 Supported 1.537 Retired 548 Prostitute 566 Furthermore: Mother or sister (at home) 64.369 head Student 17.385 Restaurant or inn 377 Tobacco factory 374 Shop-girl 291 Coffee house 272 Redaction 170 The majority of prostitutes were of poor origin and worked as home-servants. The Budapest centralized network of white slavery grew on an industrial scale and took on an international character. Trading with Hungarian girls was a good business over the borders too, because the women were beautiful, temperament and cheap. Abroad nick-names were given to the prostitutes depending on the country in which they were working; for example "Vengerka" in slavish and "Hungara" in latin countries. Governesses, waitresses, cashiers, actresses, singers and artists volunteered to go abroad hoping to make a good living. Choice destinations were: Beograd, Nis, Sophia, Craiova, Galatz, Odessa, Lodz, Warsawa, Mos12 Körösy, J.: Budapest Székesőváros statisztikai évkönyve (Pest City Statistical Annual. ) Bp., Rath, 1881.41
