Antall József szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 87-88. (Budapest, 1979)

TANULMÁNYOK - Kuzmin, Mihail Kuzmics: A moszkvai fejedelemség medicinájának fejlődése (orosz nyelven)

eucoK Aeeoü e mpex Mecmax. pami mnDtce/tbi.

.. AÄCUAKÜ &edomoe pawn: onanuAo AUUO U3 nytuKu u HOC CUIUÔAO"? B MaTepnajiax AnTeKapcKoro npnKa3a BCTpenaioTca AOKyMeHTbi, r

^

e yKa3aH0, HTO B nops/XKe yTOHHeHHîï AHamo3a co3biBajiHCb KOHCHJinyMbi c ynacraeM AOKTopoB. B 1674 r. ßOKTopa JI. BjiioMeHTpocT H M. FpaMOH, jieKapn — B. yjibdp, C. JlapnoHOB npn ocMOTpe cTpejibna MnTponiKy KonypoBa 3anncajin: „Ha eccM na neM no me Ay uupbu u e Kopocme, u me de nupbu u Kopocmy Aeuumb ezo MOHHO U AeKapcmeu nadoŐHO MHOZO, a xomn de u u3Aenumcn, u eMy.

.. CAywcumb HCAb3H, nomoMy-umo om mex 6oAe3neü odpax/ieA".

10 BecbMa jiioöonbiTHoe oöocHOBaHne jrnarH03a 3a6ojieBaHH5i rjia3 ,n,aji BpanoKyjiHCT Plßan* Mojirap. ripn ocMOTpe öojibHoro TeMHHKOBCKoro B HCTopnn 6ojie3HH OH 3anHcaji: „y nezo e ZAü3a nouiAa meMttan eoda u om Aouy npaeuu ZAÜ3 mpecnyA u Ha oőoux ZAü3ax ôeAbjua u ne eudum, a Aeuumb ezo neMomo, nomoMy umo ma 6oAe3Hb y nezo 3acmapeAan.

iilx H3y4eHHe pa3JiHHHbix .noKyrvieHToB noKa3biBaer, HTO Bpann Toro BpeMeHH Henjioxo AHarHocriHpoBajiH nejibiH paß 3a6ojieBaHHH, Ha3HaHajiH cooTBeTCTByK>Hj;ee jieneHHe H /raace npe,n,CKa3biBajiH HCXOJJ; 6oJie3HH. O/xHaKo cnocoöbi JieneHHH öbiJiH AaJieKo He Ha BBICOTC B pa^e cjiynaeB MM 3aMenaeM öeccHJine Bpana CnpaBHTbCH c 6oJie3HbK». Cpe^H MeTOflOB JieneHHH öoJibHbix uiHpoKoe pacnpocTpaHeHHe nojryHHJi cnocoô KpoBonycKaHHa. B OTAeJibHbix apxHBHbix AOKyMeHTax H3jiaraioTCH npaBHjia, KOTopbiMH BpanaM cjie#yeT pyKOBOßCTBOBaTbca npH KpoBonycKaHHH. TaK, HanpHMep, KpoBb MoacHO nycKaTb npn H3BCCTHOM nojioaceHHH HeôecHbix CBCTHJI, COCTOHHHe >Ke öojibHoro npH 3TOM HMejio BTopocTeneHHoe 3HaneHHe. KpoBonycKaHHe öojibHbiM npoH3BOÄHJTOCb B 6aHe npn TaKHx 3a6ojieBaHMx KaK poaca. He jiHuieH HHTepeca paHHOHajibHbin cnocoö JieneHHH OÎKOTOB. B OJJHOH H3 HCTopHÍí 6oJie3HM BpaHeM caejiaHa cne/jyioiHafl 3anncb: „A KO AU ueAoeeK u3zopum ozHCM UAU oőeapumcH, eo3Mu MÜCAÜ KOHOHAHHOZO U CMOHU ôyjnazu xAonuambie u KAadu na uecmo zopeAoe". KaK H3Becrao, TaKoü MeTOA JieneHHH oacoroB nojiyHHJi caMoe uinpoKoe pacnpocTpaHeHHe. Ocoöoe öecnoKOHCTBO BW3biBajio MaccoBoe pacnpocTpaHeHHe HHHTH cpe/rn CTpeJieiiKHX BOHCK. nosTOMy B cneHHajibHoii napcKOH rpaMOTe, HanpaBJieHHOH B 1672 r. KH33K) A. A. TajiKHbiHy B Ka3aHb, npejiJioHceHo: „... mzomoeumb deecmu eedep cocnoeux eepuiun HÜMOHÜ e eune, da e HUMCHCM. Hoezopoàe U3Z0moeumb cmo eedep, u nocAomb mo euno e Acmpaxam u daeamb mo euno e Acmpaxanu Awdnu om UUHZU".

12, BbinojmeHHe AaHHoro pacnopiiaceHHH HMCJIO öojibHioe 3HaneHHe AJIÍI npe/_ioxpaHeHH5i BOHHOB OT ITHHOI. B cjiynajix 0Ka3aHHH 3KCTpeHHoii MCAHHHHCKOH noMoniH npaBHTejibCTBeH9 TaM xe, crp. 1010, 1015. 10 TaM »e, Bun. in, CTp. 504. 11 JlaxTHH M. KD. KaK pacno3HaBajiHCb H jienHJiHCb 6ojie3HH B MOCKOBCKOM rocy^apcTBe. XnpyprHH, 1904, T. 15, CTp. 357. 12 MaTepnanti ^JIH HCTOPHH Me^HiíHHbi B POCCHH, CUE, 1881, Bbin. II., crp. 457.