Palla Ákos szerk.: Az Országos Orvostörténeti Könyvtár közleményei 29. (Budapest, 1963)

A. G. Lusnyikov (Moszkva): A belbetegségek klinikuma 1750-1917-ig Oroszországban

nOCTOÍÍHblX ÔbITb ynOMHÍIHyTbIMH píIJJOM C HMeHeM EoTKHHa. OH nepeuiarHyji HaHMOHajibHbie paMKH H Bbimeji K HCTOKaM TBopnecTBa MHpoBoro MacuiTaôa. IlaTpHOT H neMOKpaT — OH npnHaflJieîKHT K cjiaBHOH KaropTe BBJIKKHX monefi, KOTopbie paôoTajiH nna Bcero MejioBenecTBa. Pa3BHTHe BpaneÔHblX 3HaHHH npHBOAHJIO K HeOÔXOnHMOCTH coBepuieHCTBOBaTb CHCxeMy oôcjienoBaHHSt öojibHbix. 3Ty 3anaHy BbinojiHHJi 3aMeHaTeJibHbiH neHTenb pyccKoíí MenHHHHbinpodjeccop MocKOBCKoro yHHBepcHTeTa F. A. 3axapbHH (1829—1897). OH HayHHo oôocHOBaji TaKoii MCTOA onpoca H ocMOTpa, npHivieHeHHe KoToporo aaeT B03MoacnocTb Bpany onpenenHTb c ôojibuioH TOHHOCTbK) HHAHBHJjyajibHbie ocoôeHHocTH opraHH3Ma, xapaKTep H CTeneHb ero dpyHKHHonajibHbix paccipoScTB H BbiaBjiHTb 3aöoJießaHHSi, nporeKaiomne 6e3 BbipaxeHHbix o6ï>eKTHBHbix npn3HaKOB. T. A. 3axapbHH öbiJi OJJHHM H3 caMbix nocnenoBaTenbHblX CTOpOHHHKOB npOQpHJiaKTHKH, «OÖJiaCTb MeAHHHHbi, — TOBOpHJI OH, — OÖLUHpHa, KaK CaMa 5KH3Hb, HenpaBHJIbHOCTH KOTOpOH BbObiBaioT 6oJie3HH». TaM, rne oTcyTCTByeT rnrueHa, BpaneŐHaíi noMouib 6yneT TOJibKO npH3panHOH. 3axapbHH npennaran BpanaM nonb30BaTbca jaionvra neneÖHbiMH npneMaMH, rne Ha nepBOM MecTe rocnoncTBOBana 6w TBopnecKaa Mbicjib, a He uiaÖJiOH, BbiHHTaHHbiH H3 Kfflir. HaynHbie ipynbi 3axapbHHa — O KPOBOH3JIHHHHH, O KajIOMeJIH, O JieHeHHH MHHepaJlbHblMH BOaaMH no Mepe HX onyönHKOBaHHíi ÖBDIH coöbrraeM B HaynHoM 5KH3HH CTpaHbl. OCHOBHOH TpyA erO «KjIHHHHeCKHe neKHHH», nepeBeneHHbifi Ha Bce eßponeficKHe H3MKH, np CHX nop HBnaeTca HacTonbHoii KHHroH Kaacnoro o6pa30BaHHoro Bpana. T. A. 3axapbHH MHoro BHHMaHHH ynenan H3yneHHio KnHMaTHnecKHX ycnoBHH. OH yica3biBan, HTO HanpaBnaa ôonbHbix Ha KypopTbi, Hano nonyMaTb npexne Bcero o npnBbiHKax öonbHoro, ero o6pa3e )KH3HH, ÖMTOBOH oöcTaHOBKe. HcKnionHTenbHo íipKon ôbina H nenarornnecKaíi neíuenbHOCTb 3axapbHHa. C ero HMeHeM cBsoaHa KnHHHHecKaji neaTenbHOCTb MHoroHHcneHHbix yneHHKOB, cpenn KOTopbix Ha30BeM neniiaTpa H. (î>. OnnaTOBa, aicyinepa B. €>. CHernpeBa, HeBponaTonora A. ü. KoaceBHHKOBa, TepaneBTa A. A. OcTpoyMOBa. CnaBa o 3aMe*iaTenbHOM KJIKHHUHCTC nocTHrna 3anannoH EB-