Lázár Vilmos szerk.: Termelőszövetkezettörténeti tanulmányok 1. (Mezőgazdaságtörténeti tanulmányok 6. Magyar Mezőgazdasági Múzeum, Budapest, 1972)

Összefoglaló (angolul)

grew by 60 per cent, the number of members increased nearly threefold with those newly entering. Besides these fine results many problems turn up naturally in the fields of labour organization and disciplins of work, and the absence of some conditions of farming was deeply felt too in the Cooperative Farm. In the second developmental period (1961—1965) of the "ŰJ ÉLET" Cooperative Farm the objectives of farming and conditions of their realization too underwent a substantial change. In the first phase chiefly the concentrated and more intensive utilization of live work played a role in the relative stabilization of the farm, the level of production means was relatively low. In the second phase the completion of social reorganization meant an essential social-economic change in the community. As a result of latter the cultivation of a three times larger area and the employment of a fourfold number of cooperative members were the chief concern of the cooperative management: the tasks of farming and organization were increased. This period was after all, the phase of consolidation of the largescale character, by the end of which the Cooperative Farm became a relatively well mechanized large-scale farm. This means that in 1961 the value of the machine park was doubled and in 1963 the Farm was already in the possession of 16 tractors. In the course of two years an irrigation system sufficient for the irrigation of about 500 hectares was constructed. The third phase was introduced by an amalgamation with another cooperative farm which practically is maintained also today. The amalgamation was justified by the better exploitation of the relatively large number of production means. In this phase the introduction of the new system of economic management was the influencing economic-political factor. The main duty of this phase was the creation of conditions for an independent enterprise-like farming and the modernization. The main economic and social characteristics of the third developmental period were : 1. The areal concentration increased through the amalgamation and the number of members grew similarly. The area is almost 4200 ha, the number of members approaches 700.) 2. The economic foundation of amalgamation with a lowproductivity cooperative farm was not solved consistently. In addition the weather conditions were not favourable in the first year (in 1966 either). The stagnation or a minor decrease of the gross income and the maintenance of the personal income of the increased membership were not economically favourable phenomenon. As a joint impact of these the Cooperative Farm closed the first year with a balance deficit of about 4,4 million forints. 3. With the established level of farming the Cooperative Farm could be rehabilitated only a State subsidization. Subsidization was solved by the directing organs through a dotation of final products. Besides this the return from sales was raised also by the increase of the agricultural