Technikatörténeti szemle 25. (2001-02)

Tanulmányok - Göőzová, Libuša: Jozef Murgaš, a rádiótáviratozás úttörője

MtTM.«te. PstetsWii May tO, 1804. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. JOSF.IMl Mt'KU AS, OF WILKKSHARRE, PENNSYLVANIA. «CTH00 Of CONttUNICATIHG INTELLIGENCE (Y WlaEUESS TELEGRAPHY. SPSCIFICATIOV forming put of LstUrt Patant Ko. 7M.8M, datai May 10, IftOi. OiMmI awlKUM <M OcuWt 3. IMI. !Un«l f • 17S.««». DlrtW sal Hit •faltotttai M Ma M, IHi lute

1 Jo oU whnm it may roru-rrn Be it known that I. Jijski'H Mo»u.« oil i/.cn of the United State*, residing at Wilkesbarrc, in toe county of LuMrnc. State of Pennsylve5 ma, have invented certain new ami useful Improvements in Method* of Communicating Intelligence by Wireless Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification. My invention relate* to wireless-telegraph io systems, aitd has for it* object tlie pro, 1*1«,t. of an improved method whereby signals may be transmitted with great rapidity and accuracy. , Tliis application is a division of my applies cation. Serial No. 175,499, tiled October 2, 190». It ha* heretofore been toe practice in systems of the character described to transmit a message, by mean* of successive impulse* or ao signal elements of the same character, a given signal being detected by the time relation of the impulses in a manner similar to that observed in connection with the dot-and-dash system of Morse. It is obvious that if in a •5 given system one signal requires a greater lime for itsdes patch than others—for instance, the dash of the Morse system requires a longer time interval than the dot of that system—a message so transmitted would requireagraater 30 time than one in which the signals were independent of the time relation of the impulses, so that each impulse could be made as abort as would be consistent with practical operation. I accomplish this result by providing JS sending apparatus which is capable ot sending impulses of different character ana receiving apparatus by which such impulses are received and their difference in character made manifest According to my invention, there 4« fore, the message depend* upon the character of the impulses, as the frequency, intensity, Ac., rather titan tfcoir time relation, and letters, words, and message* may be conveyed by different arrangements of disconnected ini4$ pulse* or signal element* of unlike character ' in a manner similar to the combination of dot* and dashes in the Morse system. Thus the impulses may differ in their frequencies, and by the word "frequencies™ 1 intend to exi près* the number of variations which occur 5c ! in the circuit of the sending apparats* during 1 a given time when that circuit is closed—

«a, J for instance, where an interrupter is in the 1 circuit I intend to indicate the number of inj terru ption* of the circuit in a given time, and 55 ! therefore the frequency of discharge across ; the s|»rk-g»p—«'. e., spark-gap frequency or ' wave-train frequency, both of which terras J have well-understood meaning in the art. By the word "impulse" I intend to express the 60 ! Dow of energy due to a single manipulation j of the signal-controlling means—as, for example, a circuit-closing key. In a sendingcircuit containing a key anji interrupter the interrupter may be of high) frequency, open- 65 ing and closing the circuit many times during a aingle closure of the key even when the key is oik*rated with maximum rapidity, and the frequency of the impulse due to the key-closure corresponds to that of the interrupter. 7° Such impulses being received in an ordinary • telephone-receiver by means of proper apparatus, tones differing in bitch wilt be produced, and while the number of tones which may be produced is indefinite and a variety of 75 code* may be used two tone* are sufficient to produce a system analogous to the Morse, one tone corresponding to tho dot and the other to the dash. For the rapidity of increased by such a signal* differing jncl distinguished from each depend upon time ii tioo. Tone* are well di from other sounds, and the range of fraquen ciea of vibration within which tones are produced is sharply defined: They are more readily distinguished than other sounds, awl hence in systems employing » te1epfc«ne-re•server I prefer to make tlie frequencies of the impulse* come within tlie range to produce a tone. A Ulepli.me-rccciver of the ordinary type may 1» used 1 a tlie means for indicating the reception of the impulse*, and where all 95 tlie impulses are received by the am apparatus it is necessary to employ a .self-restoring coherer that is, one in which the parts a* already stated will be greatly So -and, moreover, are more readily than those whir h for dtfferentiaished in physios Is R- 90 1. Az eredeti szabadalomnak 759.826 /USPO sz., 1904. május 10., Washington, Jozef Murgas „ A hírek továbbításának módja a vezetéknélküli telegráfiával" másolata