Technikatörténeti szemle 10. (1978)

A MÉRÉS ÉS A MÉRTÉKEK AZ EMBER MŰVELŐDÉSÉBEN című konferencián Budapesten, 1976. április 27–30-án elhangzott előadások II. - Fodor P.–Kertai M.–Pólos L.: Atomabszorpciós méréstechnika és a környezetvédelem

Deviation and Sensitivity of the Technique An analysis of the deviation of the test points when an integrator is employed and when the peak height is measured (Fig. 4.) each test involving 15 parallel graphs., showed a scattering of 4 to 6 per cent in the optimum measurement range, when the integrator was used. The measurement of peak height resulted in a deviation of up to about 10 per cent in the corresponding measurement range. The detection limit by the above mentioned technique is 0,04 ug of Pb

; a lead quantity over 0,1 fig can be determined with an error of less than 10 per cent. Test Results The solution atomic absorption technique was applied to the analysis of dust samples taken in 1971 in the inner city of Budapest. Fig. 5. shows the results of 180 tests. It is evident from the Figure that although motor traffic is higher in the summer months, the lead pollution has a higher level in the winter months

—persumably as a result of more frequent windstills. However, it exceeds the permissible level (indicated by the dashed line) throughout the year. The solid-sample technique was applied to the dust samples obtained in the Buda hills suburb of Budapest. Although some of the samples had lead contents 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than those of the inner-city samples, the quantity of lead could be measures adequately in each case

—although the test results obtained by the direct solid-sample analysis had an average deviation of 10 relative per cent. Comparison of Analytical Techniques The solution and the solid-sample techniques have different optimum measurement ranges

—2 to 13 ug of Pb with solution atomization, 0,4 to 2 fig of Pb with solid-sample analysis. Thus the two techniques will complete each other adequantely. The solution technique involves a sample preparation time much longer than the solid-sample technique. The test results obtained by the solid-sample technique exhibit a wider deviation, but enable the determination of small absolute quantities of lead. Another advantage of the solid-sample technique is its simplicity and cheapness

—applicable in almost any laboratory provided with an atomic absorption apparatus. REFERENCES 1. Mészáros, I., Bíró J., Fehér, I., Nukleáris Gépészeti Konf. 1970. Nov. 17, Budapest 2. T. Kántor, P. Fodor, Y.S. Youssef, E. Pungor, Hung. Sci. Instr. 36, 19 (1976) 3. K. Szívós, L. Polos, I. Fehér, E. Pungor, Periodica Polytechn. 18, 281 (1974)