Kaján Imre szerk.: Vásárhelyi Pál és a reformkori mérnökgeneráció (Budapest, 1995)

Dr. Íjjas Gáborné: A reformkori vegyészet nagy alakjai Magyarországon 34

János Schuster is the creator of the technical terms in the chemistry. The ending of all metals became at Schuster "-any", e.g. the arsenic "himany", the cobalt "banyany", the potassium "hamany", the sodium "szikany". The non-metallic elements had got an end of "-ó"or "ő", as e.g. the brome "bűzlő", teh nitrogen "fojtó", the iodium "iboló", the chlorine "zöldlő", the oxygen "savító". The technical terms of Schuster had spreaded in the University of Pest in spite of its artificiality quickly. He was the first member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences as a chemist in 1831. After the death of Schuster the chemistry was revised by te new languege reformers: by Pál Bugát, János Irinyi and Károly Nendtvich. The technical terms recommended by them did not deviate importantly from the original version in its structure. The greatest deviation was that they did not make any differentiation between the metals and the non-metallic elements, each element got the ending of'-any" or where the better sounding this required the ending "-eny" so far used only at the metals. Thereby instead of the words e.g. rézany, mészany, ingerlany the "rézeny", "mészeny" and "igerleny" words were used. There were cases, where the name used by Schuster was only transformed and so e.g. they made from the word ibolo "iblany" and from bűzlő "büzeny". This form of the technical terms became general in the chemistry in Hungary. As a result of their works a "Word collection of Natural Sciences" was published in 1844 containing 40.000 "tecnical terms" for the notions of natural science. Pál Bugát founded the Royal Hungarian Association of Natural Science playing an important role in our scientific life in 1841. The important chemical explorations of this era in our country. Pál Kitaibel produced chlorinated lime and detemined that it could be well used for blanching the clothes. Hi worked a lot in 1813 and 1814 on the recognition of the domestic mineral waters. Analyzing about 150 mineral waters he designed new tools and elaborated new analyticl methods. Ferenc Nyulas analyzing the boron water of the Rhineland, he found carbon dioxide in the mineral water as well, and he determined about this that it was suitable for the preservation os meats. János Irinyi is considered as the inventor of the noiseless igniting match by the history of the chemistry and one of the most eminent chemists of the reform era. He founded the first match factory in 1840 in Pest and with the aid of about 50-60 workers about halfa million matches were produced each day. Artúr Görgey made evident during the investigation of the fatty acids of the coconut oil showed that in addition to the fatty acids explored by Liebig - the eminent German chemist - the capric acid and the lauric adid, too. His result was published in the journal of the Hungarian Academy of sciences and in the Annalen of Liebig. "Artúr Görgey, who became chemist form a military officer and then from a chemist general was an important actor in the Hungarian history and one of the most debatable personality of it". "In the word literature of the chemistry we found only one experimental paper having scientific value, the author of which was a general. This strategist was a Hungarian man, namely ARTÚR GÖRGEY." 39