A Közlekedési Múzeum Évkönyve 12. 1999-2000 (2001)

IV. RÉSZ • A Közlekedési Múzeum gyűjteményeiből 317 - Rövid tartalmi összefoglaló a Közlekedési Múzeum XII. Évkönyvéhez (magyar, angol, német nyelven) 367

Dr.

Erzsébet Molnár. The Emblems Of The Hungarian Transport Companies. One of the shortcomings of the numismatic researches is that they neglected the area of emblems almost completly. Practically no basis can be found to the research of the emblèmes, it has no literature, and the numismatic publications do not mention it at all. The group of emblems in the Transport Museum has been established as a part of the numismatic collection. The smaller part of the collection originates from the time between the two world-wars, the bigger part from the years between 1960 and 1980. The Author deals in her study with the material, the shape, the way of wearing, the rules and the political, propaganda and advertising functions of the emblems. The transport as a notion is expressed by the original, or stylized form of a bird, a bird wing, a wheel, a steering-wheel, or a tyre. The emblem of a company expresses the motives of the most charakteristic activities and products of the company. The emblems of sport clubs represent a rich collection. Their wearing had occasionally time limits, or they had to be worn only with given dress, or perhaps with uniform. The study demonstrates - without the claim for completeness - the emblems of the companies and employees of the road transport, the railway transport, the bridges, the urban transport, the shipping and the air traffic. József Soltész: From The Railway Vehicle Collection Of The Transport Museum Till The Hungarian Railway History Park. The Author demonstrates not only the original vehicles exposed in the Hungarian Railway History Park, but reports on the exhibition of the Museum and the M=l:5 scale railway vehicle model collection. The idea to preserve the old railway vehicles presented itself on the occasion of the Millennium Exhibition in 1896. Between the two world wars there was no place enough for the collection and exposition of railway vehicles requiring a great area. Consequently the opinion has established itself that the vehicles should be demonstrated by models being identical with the originals. That led to the establishment of the world-famous collection of models of the scale M=l:5. Before World War II neither the MÁV, nor the Museum have carried out preservation activities concerning railway vehicles, but despite of that several original exemplars of the characteristic types could be saved. After World War II, in the 1960s the scrapping of the steam locomotives started in large numbers and the saving of railway vehicles of museal age and their nostalgia service became organised. The author informs in detail about the vehicle preservation activities of this time. Furthermore he reports on the evolvment and activities of the Hungarian railway museums. The next part of the study informs about the antecedents of the establishment of the Hungarian Railway History Park and the rough road leading to the establishment. In phase 1 there is 50 000 m

2 on the open air area of the park and 5000 m

2 in the covered round running shed at the disposal of the vehicle exhibition beside the chamber exhibition rooms, the souvenir shop and the buffet. In phase 1 approximately 100 railway vehicles will be exhibited and in the following phases further 100 railway vehicles may be exhibited. The festive opening of the Park took place on the 14th July, 2000. In the closing part of the study the Author reports on the renewal of the exhibited vehicles and summarizes in a tabular form the original railway vehicle collection and the exposition and storing places of the Transport Museum. Mihály Krámli: H.M.S. Victory. The Model Of A Class I Battleship In The Transport Museum. In his study the Author regards the English "Victory" as the second most well known ship of all times after the flag ship of Columbus, the Santa Maria. The garboard strake of the warship built as the fifth 1st class battle ship had been laid in 1759 and received its name Victory on the 30th October, 1760. The 7-year war against the French ended in 1762 extending very much the building time of the ship. The ship was ready by 1765 and its launching took place on the 7th May (in contrast with the smaller ships the 1st class battle ships have been built not on launching ways, but in dry docks). The outstanding navigation features of this ship were characterized by the fact that during its service till 1812 13 English admirals - among them even Horatio Nelson - selected she as flagship. On the 21st October, 1805 the ship had suffered a great demage at Trafalgar during the battle against the united Spanish and French naval forces and she continued service only in 1808. The ship had been withrawn from service on the 30th November, 1812 and now it is a museum ship in Portsmouth. The Author reports in detail on the English méthodes of 376