Budapest Régiségei 24/1. (1976)

ÓBUDA, RÓMAI KORI TÁBOROK, CANABAE ÉS KÖZÉPKORI VÁROS = ÓBUDA, ROMAN CAMPS, CANABAE AND THE MEDIEVAL TOWN = OBUDA, LAGERÂ I KANABE RIMSKOJ EPOHI I SREDNEVEKOVYJ GOROD - Németh Margit: Régészeti megfigyelések az észak-keleti táborsaroknál : előzetes jelentés 61-69

MARGIT NÉMETH ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS NEAR THE NORTH-EASTERN CORNER OF THE CAMP (PRELIMINARY REPORT) Excavations were conducted at the eastern side of the house No. 12-22, Harrer Pál Street, Budapest,3rd district on several occasions during the years 1974 and 197 5.The excavations aimed at opening up the north-eastern corner and corner-tower, respectively, of the 2-3rd century A. D. legionary camp, as well as the fossae belonging to them. These works did not bring the desired result in every respect, since they had to be continued among newly built houses and functioning public utilities, within a rather limited space. Still, as a result beyond expectation, the western defensive wall of the late fort was found, which had been built after the abandonment of the earlier fort of the 2-3rd century legionary camp. In several places its remains were brought to light by the excavations which thus modified the opinion professed on the architectural and military history of Aquincum in the late Roman period. (See the other papers on the exact place of the excavation, see Note 1.). Howewer, there was no way of opening up the corner-tower of the 2-3rd century legionary camp; only the fossae surrounding the camp, from the outside - three in number - could be dug out in part. Besides them a short section of a fossa of north-south direction was found, also which had belonged to the earliest fortification system. (Fossa "A", Fig. 13., Plate 45.). (The general plan of the excavations see in Fig. 11.). The southernmost, partly dug-out fossa "D" of north-east to south-west direction follows next chronologically, and on its northern side it was accompanied by a wide, paved and drained road. (Fig. 12,, Plate 49. ). Out of the three, fossa "B" was used longest, it was filled up only when the late wall of north-south direction of the fort was erected. (Figs. 12

3 13;Plate 42, 44, 45. ). The common drain of east-west direction belonged which to the public utility system of the legionary camp was conducted south of the fossae (and obviously also of the northern wall of the camp) consequently, within the area of the camp. It was cut into the slope of the castle rampart subsequently. (Fig. 11; Plate 50-54.). According to these, the north-eastern corner-tower can now be located in a strictly determined place. (Cf. Fig. 11. ). At the time of the last terrain correction, when the last fossa ("B") was filled up_, the system of the legionary camp which was stable up to then, underwent a major reconstruction. The western wall of the newly built fort was led through fossa "B"; along its external, western side the dead were buried, and, along the inner, eastern one buildings were erected. As a future task, the chronology as set up above has to be rendered more accurate by a detailed examination of the excavated finds, as well as by the corroborating excavations still remaining to be accomplished. A further examination of the architectural history of the site of the fort - i. e. of the area to the east and north-east of the legionary camp - is by all means necessary. (Figures: 11-14, plates: 42-55) 67