Budapest Régiségei 24/1. (1976)

A BUDAPESTI TÖRTÉNETI MÚZEUM ÁSATÁSAI ÉS LELETMENTÉSEI 1971-1975. KÖZÖTT = THE WORKS OF RESCUE AND PLANNED EXCAVATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE HISTORICAL MUSEUM OF BUDAPEST IN THE YEARS 1971-1975 = SPASENIE PAMÂTNIKOV I RASKOPKI, PROVEDENNYE BUDAPESTSKIM - Kaba Melinda: A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum ásatásai és leletmentései 1971-1975. között 393-444

THE WORKS OF RESCUE AND PLANNED EXCAVATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE HISTORICAL MUSEUM OF BUDAPEST IN THE YEARS 1971-1975 (MELINDA KABA) In the years 1971-1975 the Historical Museum of Budapest conducted significant works of planned and rescue excavations in the Hungarian capital. Our work is documented not by the high number of the themes published here in the form of brief reports namely 190, but by the achieved results. In the past three years (1973-1975) we had opportunity to strive-not at all times without difficulties - to make the best use of the possibilities for excavations made available by the process of construction after, the liquidation of the old, outdated, single-story buildings of Óbuda. With a budget of several millions, the Executive Committee of the City Council of Budapest granted us so considerable a financial aid, which stands without example in our archaeological research so far. Still, our work was also helped by the various investing enterprises who, for expediting the works of foundations, assumed part of the financial burdens of the excavations. At the site of the residential settlement tobe built we could uncoverparts of the legionary camp, of the canabae of Aquincum (No. 16-101), as well as several hundreds of graves of the cemeteries of the ancient capital. Besides the turning up of the ancient remains of Óbuda, results of similar significance were brought by the medieval research conducted simultaneously (No. 150-183): thus a great part of the 14th century convent of the Clarissa nuns could be uncovered, the research of the queen' s castle could be continued (No.

150), and excavations were conducted in the area of the one-time Franciscan monastery (No.

182). The elucidation of the medieval parts of the building No. 158, Lajos Street (No. 157) was carried on; remains of a medieval dwelling house and traces of a settlement of the Arpadian age were found in Tél Street (No. 162). In Templom Street the remains of St. Margaret's church, dating from the 13th century turned up (No. 166). In the course of the works of renewal of the Zichy residence details belonging to a large-sized medieval building complex came to the surface at No. 1. Fő Square. (No. 177) The research work begun at Óbuda in 1973 was followed in 1974 by the unearthing of the Gothic statues found in the area of the Buda castle. A detailed account on these excavations is to be found in Volumes 3 and 4 of our Yearbook (presently in the press). The excavations conducted in the Óbuda reconstruction area ranked among the objectives of primary importance, as well as the unearthing of the Gothic statues of the Buda castle; besides similarly significant results were brought by the archaeological research work conducted in prehistoric, Roman, medieval, Migration Period and the Turkish period in other districts of the Hungarian capital. The remain of the settlement of various a,ge

s excavated at Pesthidegkut (No. 2. ) can be dated from a period extending from the Early Copper Age to the end of the Early Iron Age. At Békásmegyer (No. 3. ) the south-western border of the already known neolithic settlement could be unearthed. Similarly at Békásmegyer (No. 6. ) the works of opening up the prehisttoric cemetery were continued; the grave-goods of this cemetery contributed to the finds of the Early Bronze Age of the Harangedény-Csepel group and to those of the Late Bronze Age to be classed among the Ha-B period. The number of the uncovered graves amounts to 428. At Soroksár (No. 8. ) urn graves turned up which represent remains of the Vatya culture of