Budapest Régiségei 24/1. (1976)

KUTATÁSTÖRTÉNET = HISTORICAL SURVAY OF THE RESEARCHES = ISTORIÂ ISSLEDOVANIÂ - Póczy Klára: Az aquincumi legiostábor és katonaváros romjainak a feltárása és a műemléki bemutatása 11-30

•^ Then, from the middle of the 4th century on a quite new conception prevailed in strategy. 5o~ that the civilian population could be settled down more safely, a new fort with monumental walls was erected along the banks of the Danube and the buildings were leant directly to the walls of that fort, - which would have been inconceivable under the rules in force before. The centre of this new settlement is formed by the port and the roads leading there. Thus the fort built in the 4th century was placed again directly on to the banks of the Danube, and was connected with the entrance of the fort on the left bank - Transaquincum - by a pile bridge. The various ethnic groups, among them even the Hungarians conquering the land in the 9th century take then possession of the last Roman fort in the Migration Period. The ruins of the 4th century fort can be recognized even in the townscapes and engravings of the 16-17th centuries, moreover, at some points they can even be identified by their onetime functions. Parallel with the excavations preliminary steps are being taken for the restoration of the ruins.Thus there is an opportunity of presenting a comprehensive picture about the townstructure of Roman times even for the non-specialist, for the simple passer-by by means of displaying, or, if necessary, by marking the sites of the ruins. There may be restored e. g. agate each of the three most important architectural periods of the legionary camp (which could represent quite different styles): a/ with towers of quadrangular ground-plans (southgate), b/ with towers of octagonal ground-plans (east gate), c/ with horse-shoe-shaped towers (gate of the late Roman fort). A section of the wall of the early castrum with a bastion and with two ditches on the east front, a curved section of the wall of the later fortification system with four bastions (Templom Street, Lajos Street), details of shrines with apsis and porticus (Vöröskereszt Street, Miklós Street). Among the public buildings in the canabae: edifices with hypocausts, mosaics, frescoes, stuccoes, statues (Búvár Street, Folyamőr Street) and the baths adjoining them (Kő Street). Of the industrial plants: presses (Vörösvári Road), brick-works, pottery plant, glassblowing workshop (Bécsi Road). Among the public utility services: part of different aqueduct (Szentendre Road, Gytirti Street), canalization network (Gytirü Street, Óbuda Quay). (Figures: 1-3)