Budapest Régiségei 23. (1973)

TANULMÁNYOK - Kőszegi Frigyes: Adatok Zugló őskori településtörténetéhez : későbronzkori település a Budapest XIV. ker. Vízakna utcában 9-37

The Central Danubian groups attacking from Transdanubia could be withheld by the earthworks for some decades, this is why we know of relatively younger tumulus finds on the side of Buda; the Carpathian tumulus tribes, however, did not meet any major obstacle, so they were able to occupy the regions of Pest side, suitable for settlement, earlier. Beside the scattered grave-goods from Rákoskeresztúr both remnants of settlement of the Egressy Street and Vízakna Street are sure proofs of the fact that the Pest plain did not remain uninhabited during the Late Bronze Age either. The rather scattered character of the quoted find complexes, as far as we know now, and also the remnant of the Vízakna Street settlement bear out the conclusion that the inhabitants, especially in the Rákos region, did not take up a permanent abode here. As we have alluded to, the Vízakna Street settlement seems to have been visited by the people of the Mogyoród-Gödöllő hill district from time to time. This suggestion is supported by the similarities, nay identities between the finds published here and those of the Aszód and Bag region. The latter settlements were considerably more extended than the Zugló one. On the hill near the Bag railway station a part of a settlement of 200 X 150 m has been unearthed; that of Aszód-Domonyvölgy seems to have been even larger. The standing character of those settlements is shown by the one meter thick cultural layer at Bag, whereas in Vízakna Street we could observe a much thinner layer of settlement. On the basis of the above statements we may regard our earlier idea justified : in the area of Budapest the Tumulus culture of the Central Danube region did not rule alone, but there was also the West-Slovakian group of the same culture, the Carpathian tumulus folk, on the Pest side in the first place. The settlement of Vízakna Street has to be classified in the latter group; it may have belonged to abranch of the tribe centred in the Gödöllő'Mogyoród hill region. Its date is the earliest phase of the Late Bronze Age in Hungary, the period BC1 of Reinecke. 37