Nyelvtudományi Közlemények 109. kötet (2013)
Tanulmányok - Tolcsvai Nagy Gábor: Az igekötő + ige szerkezet szemantikája (The semantics of pre verb + verb constructions) 187
TOLCSVAI NAGY GÁBOR Az igekötő + ige szerkezet szemantikája* The paper investigates the semantics of the Hungarian verbal prefix (preverb) + verb construction, within the theoretical and methodological framework of cognitive linguistics. The verbal prefix + verb construction is analyzed as a composite structure, based on semantic correspondences, elaboration and integration. The verbal prefix + verb construction proves to be a non prototypical composite structure because it is less asymmetric compared to the prototypical stem + inflectional suffix structure. Within the verbal prefix + verb construction the verb denotes a temporal process of three related figures, with detailed meaning, sequential scanning and event structure. In its primary meaning the verbal prefix expresses a dynamic spatial orientation, the orientation of an entity by the SOURCE - PATH - GOAL schema, with summary scanning, related to a reference point in space. The conceptual scope of the verb is unlimited; the conceptual scope of the verbal prefix is topologically constrained. There are correspondences between the trajectors, the landmarks, the event structures of the verbal prefix and the verb, and also between the component states of the summary scanning of the verbal prefix and the component states of the sequential scanning of the verb. The verbal prefix and the verb mutually specify the semantic structure of the other, profiling certain elements. The spatial orientation of the verbal prefixes is complex, forming a complete space system, originating from the human body. The semantic factors involved are closely connected to the semantic extensions of the verbal prefixes and the verbs with verbal prefixes, forming the starting domain for the extremely rich and productive polysemeous networks and functions in Hungarian. Keywords: component structure, composite structure, landmark, reference point, semantic structure, trajector, verb, verbal prefix. * Köszönet illeti Ladányi Máriát, Kugler Nórát, Tátrai Szilárdot a kézirat korábbi változatához fűzött fontos és hasznos megjegyzéseikért, valamint a tanulmány két anonim lektorát, főképp az egyiket, alapos, gondos és megszívlelt javaslataiért. Mindamellett minden felelősség csakis a szerzőé. A tanulmány az OTKA K100717 Funkcionális kognitív nyelvészeti kutatás című pályázati támogatás keretében készült. Nyelvtudományi Közlemények 109. 187—226.
