1996. ÉVI MIKROCENZUS A lakótelepi lakások és lakóik (1998)

BEVEZETŐ

INTRODUCTION The results of the 1996 microcensus are published by the Hungárián Central Statistical Office in a series of volumes, in the framework of which the present volume deals with a specific theme: the issue of housing estates. The first housing estate survey was carried out m 1980 as part of the census. In the course of the 1996 microcensus data of other types of dwellings were collected as well, besides that of housing estates. Tables and textual analysis of the present volume first of all focus on the condition of people living in housing estates. We give an overview of the social and occupational composition of the population not living in housing estates, too. Besides aggregate information, tables of the volume show data by types of locality, too. Considenng that housing estates can be found practically only in towns we took no notice of data of villages. Besides absolute numbers, we give the percentage distributions as well in order to make ít easier to look over the data. In the course of the compilation of régiónál data we used the statistical division of regions recommended by experts. A narrowed version of the concepts used is published in the present volume, while the whole rangé of concepts and explanations, the account of sampling method and necessary ínformation on data errors can be found in the appropriate chapter of the volume „Population and Housing Charactenstics". The most important findings of the survey are as follows: -- Dwelling constructions in housing estates became intensive after 1960. The overwhelming part of dwellings in housing estates was built in the seventies and eighties. The number of dwellings in housing estates built in the nineties is extremely low. Types of these dwellings and the forms of construction have changed, too. - In 1996 one fifth of dwellings was part of housing estate. Dwellings in housing estates - disregarding negligible exceptions - are connected with city life: their proportion is 34 percent in Budapest, 38 percent in county towns and 26 percent in small towns. - Small and médium basic area is characteristic of dwellings in housing estates, nevertheless data by year of construction show that the proportion of dwellings of larger basic area has been increasing continuously. The ownership structure of dwellings in housing estates has changed, too. Only 8 percent of these dwellings was owned by local governments by 1996. The overwhelming part of dwellings in housing estates (65 percent) was prefabricated and was made of panel of reinforced concrete wall structure. These dwellings can be found mostly in high (or médium height) buildings. Most of them was built between 1970 and 1980. - The age composition of those living in dwellings in housing estates is younger than the age composition of those living in other areas. On the other hand, the results indicate that age-distribution of those living in housing estates is connected with the year of construction. Since the majority of people remains where they moved at their younger age, the age of people living in housing estates is increasing together with the age of 11