1996. ÉVI MIKROCENZUS A háztartások lakáskörülményei (1997)

BEVEZETŐ

capital city. However, in Budapest 20 percent of households is still living in dwellings by tenant's tenure. Thet highest (43 percent) is the share of households living in two-room dwellings, while 15 percent live in one-room, 30 percent in three-room and 12 percent in four-or more room dwellings. Significant differences between households can be observed concerning the number of rooms of their dwellings in dififerent types of locality. In the capital 23 percent of households are living in one-room dwellings, while the relevant share is 13 percent in the other úrban areas and 12 percent in rural areas. There are alsó differences in the case of two- or more room dwellings: the households in Budapest live in smaller dwellings (with lower number of rooms) than their counterparts in other areas. At present in Hungary slightly more than 420 thousand households live in dwellings not provided with any kind of water conduit. In Budapest the share of households living in dwellings provided with network water is 99 percent. There is a similarly high proportion (95 százalék) in the county towns, while in other types of locality the provision with network water is far from generál: in smaller towns 87 percent and in rural areas only 75 percent of households live in dwellings provided with network water. The share of households living in dwellings provided with network gas grew differently in the recent period. The groups of households which generally lived in dwellings not provided with piped gas in the early 90s, have gradually cought up with the other types of household. This is the category of multi-family households in which this proportion is somewhat lower, yet the difference is significantly decreasing. Only 57 percent of one-person households live in dwellings provided with network gas. The share'of households living in dwellings provided with network gas is 86 percent in the capital, 79 percent in the county towns, 54 percent in the other úrban areas and 39 percent only in rural areas. An integrated indicator of the housing condition of households is the level of comfort. In 1990, 40 percent of the households lived in dwellings provided with all amenities (full comfort), while this share in 1996 was 48 percent. The proportion of households living in dwellings provided with principal amenities has remained unchanged (31 percent). In spring 1996, 15 percent of households lived in dwellings without comfort and a further 2 percent in emergency accommodations and other lodgings. (The relevant proportions in 1990 were 18 and nearly 4 percent, respectively). In sum, with respect to the size, equipment and level of comfort of the dwelling, couple-type family-households living alone in the dwelling have the most favourable situation, while the least comfortable dwellings are occupied by non-family households (mainly one-person households) and single parents with their child(ren). The housing conditions of households living together with other household are seemingly alsó favourable, however it should be taken into account that they have to share the use of the bigger and more comfortable dwelling.