1980 HUNGARIAN CENSUS OF POPULATION Summary data (1984)

IV. THE CHANGE IN THE POPULATION'S DEMOGRAPHIC AND EDUCATIONAL CHARAC-TERISTICS

The marital status composition by the nature of qualification shows varied face. The proportion of married is highest among the agriculturists in both sexes. They are followed in the case of men by those with degree in pedagogy, science and general education, in the case of women by those who belong to the technical group. The proportion of divorced women is lowest in the agriculturist group (6 percent) and in the pedagogy. science, general education group (7 percent). Besides the age structure, the society's marital habits also have effect on the marital status composition of both sexes. Because of the attraction of higher educational degree men can find a partner easier or remarry after a divorce than their lower educated companions. A main consideration is for women that their partner's educational level will not be lower than theirs, so their chances for marriage or remarriage are more limited. The higher educated by age groups, marital status and sex Age group Total Unmarried Married Widowed Divorced Men 20-24 100.0 58.8 40.6 0.0 0.6 25-29 100.0 24. 7 73. 0 0.1 2.2 30-39 100. 0 6. 6 89.3 0.2 3.9 40-59 100.0 3.9 90.2 1.0 4.9 60-X 100.0 7.7 79.6 8.8 3.9 Total 100.0 10.6 83.9 1.6 3.9 Women 20-24 100.0 40.4 58.1 0.1 1.4 25-29 100.0 21.2 74.8 0.3 3.7 30-39 100.0 12.4 79.1 0.9 7.6 40-59 100.0 10.5 70.4 5.6 13.5 60-X 100.0 21.5 34.6 34.1 9.8 Total 100. 0 18.0 71.1 3.5 7.4 The fertility of higher educated women is lower than the average for all women. The number of live births per 100 married women is 137 in the case of higher educated contrary to 189 which is the average for all women. This indicator has been growing - except the relatively few 40-49 year old in every age group of the higher educated women, the growth was highest in the 3 0-34 age group where it rose from 135 to 159 between 1960 and 1980. Almost the same growth can be observed in the number of live births per 100 married women in the 25-29 age group. Almost half of the married women belong to these two age groups, so the development of the fertility rates in these age groups is determinant for all higher educated married women. One fifth of the higher educated married women have no child, one third of them have one child. (These proportion for all women are one tenth and one fourth respectively.) The proportion of higher educated women with two children is the same as the average for all women. The proportion of higher educated women who have three or more children is decreasing rapidly by the increase in the number of children. In the course of the past two decades there has been a decrease in every age group in the proportion of those with no child. The proportion of those with one child rose from 34 percent to 39 percent in the 20-24 age group, at the same time in the 25-29 group and mainly in the 30-34 group this proportion decreased to a great extent (from 38 percent to 29 percent). Among the older higher educated women the increase in the relative weight of those with one child can be observed again. The proportion of higher educated women with two children grew in every age group. The growth is especially considerable in the 30-39 age group where their proportion is over 50 percent. The number of live births is highest among the higher educated agriculturist women (146). They are followed by the higher educated in health and surface measuring (143) and the higher educated in pedagogy, science, general education (140). This number is lowest among the higher educated in urban economy (101), and among the higher educated in transportation, communication and law (118). 84