Műtárgyvédelem, 2008 (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum)
Fabók Balázs: Egy 19. századi magyar zongora restaurálása
The musical instrument was first disassembled and mechanically cleaned from the loosely adhered surface impurities. The strings were taken off and the tuning pins were removed from the wrest-plate. The parted structural bonds of the piano were restored with spraying hot bone glue into the fissures, which had already been moistened with alcohol, and pressing them in the right position as long as the glue hardened. Glue was sprayed under the detached veneer after preliminary wetting, and they were pressed flat as long as the glue hardened. The missing flitch elements were replaced with lamellae sawed from wood of the same type, thickness and grain direction as the original. The soundboard had to be lifted out to be reconstructed. Before returning the conserved soundboard, the complete interior and the exterior wooden surface and the elements of the mechanics were cleaned with the foam of the watery solution of Christal G3 detergent mixture.1 The missing lids and the music-rack were prepared after analogues. The missing tuning pins were replaced with ones prepared after the original ones. Corrosion was removed from the copper elements with Selecton B22 complexone. The iron components were cleaned with Evipass3 corrosion transformer. The 19th century strings, the “Schringli” were formed with the methods characteristic of the period, with a borrowed “Bösendorfer Schringli driver”. Dissolution tests were made on the surface of the piano, which revealed that the wood had originally been waxed with loose beeswax. The cleaned and reconstructed parts were waxed with 30% solution of beeswax in hot turpentine, then the remaining wax was wiped off by warming it with an air heater. The tuning of the composed and stringed instrument took a long time. The conserved Pachl piano can be sounded although it cannot be used at concerts. A few characteristics can be heard in their tone which allows us to imagine what Hungarian music lovers experienced in the middle of the 19th century listening to a similar piano. A szerző cime/Author’s address: Fabók Balázs Fa-bútor tárgyrestaurátor müvész/Wooden object and furniture conservator MA Tel.: 06/30/222-42-53 e-mail: fabokb@freemail.hu 1 Chrisal G3 alkaline (pH =10) surfactant detergent mixture, its composition: cationic and non-ionic tenside mixture (18%), butyl diethylene glycol (4%), cellulose rubber (2%). Producer: Chrisal Cleaning Product 2 Selecton B2 complexone, watery solution of the disodic salt of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid. Producer: Reanal 3 Evipass acidic corrosion transformer, surface passivator (2% boric acid, 20% phosphoric acid). Prodicer: Első Vegyi Industria Zrt. 158
