Reisz T. Csaba: Magyarország általános térképének elkészítése a 19. század első évtizedében - Lipszky János és segítői térképészeti vállalkozásának ismertetése (Budapest, 2002)
IDEGEN NYELVŰ ÖSSZEFOGLALÓK - The Making of Hungary’s First General Map in the first Decade of the 19th Century. The Cartographic Enterprise of János Lipszky
The 12-page map of IGNAZ MÜLLER, which was based on corrections of the 1709 map and was supplemented by data from several partial maps, constitutes one of these maps. Although one person completed the work, he had the best quality raw materials at his disposal. The map was published in 1769. It seems quite probable that Lipszky also studied alongside Müller in Nyitra during the period of cadastral surveys. The importance of the 1st military survey (in Hungary between 1782—1785) in mapping the country needs no further emphasis. The best military engineers took part in the process, where partial maps, based on field surveys, were later edited by cartographic firms. The value of this work is diminished by the fact that completed map-parts were kept in utmost secrecy, therefore a chosen few benefited from the possibility of using new results in their own work (fortunately, Lipszky was among them). Similarly, military experts were involved in the cadastral survey. Data from this survey were utilized by a group of engineers-geometers who, if necessary, could rely on surveys found in county files. According to the sources of the military archives in Vienna, 151 and 27 military personnel took part in survey is Hungary and Transylvania respectively. In addition to military cartographic activities needed to meet the rising military and administrative demands of the state, civilian (commercial) cartography in the last decade(s) of the 18th century started to flourish. Publishing firms, mainly seated in Vienna, first produced maps for various geographical descriptions, journals then as illustrations of daily events. Later, with changes in (commercial) travel, firms began to publish postal and city maps. These firms were primarily business ventures rather than cartographic innovators: they edited existing maps of particular regions or the empire to suit their own scale and content requirements. In atlases published in great numbers, the kingdom of Hungary with annexed regions was reproduced on entire pages, which could also have served as sources for János Lipszky. Franz Anton Schrämbl, Franz Johann Reilly, and the firms ARTARIA, MOLLO and KUNST- UND INDUSTRIE-COMPTOIR deserve mention. They excelled more on placing emphasis on accurate engraving than on content. The indirect role and impact on Hungarian cartographic is indisputable. In addition to the aforementioned and unsuccessful János Mátyás Korabinszky, DEMETER GÖRÖG’s cartographic workshop played a prominent role in the history of Hungarian cartographic publishers. A contemporary and competitor of Korabinszky, Görög published several maps as supplements to his journal Domestic Reports with the aim of expanding geographical knowledge in Hungary. The institute he had established for the planning of the maps functioned until 1811, when his business terminated. In the Institutum Görög employed paid engineers, drawers and engravers. Moreover, county engineers also provided support by either correcting already produced maps or diminishing the then recently produced map of the entire county. Test prints from completed plates were sent to the county sur435
