Dr. Éva Murai szerk.: Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 1. 1982 (Budapest, 1982)

Sey, O.: The morphology, life-cycle and geographical distribution of Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder, 1790) (Trematoda: Paramphistomata)

In the Bingle section of P. cervi found in NASMARK's collection, these papillae were also recognizable when they were in the state of the moment of detachment (Fig. 1). The types of pharynxes, "modified Horchis" and "pseudo liorchis" described by WILLMOTT (1950) and VELICHKO (1966) respectively come within the scope outlined by NÄSMARK (1937) under the name, Li ore hi s-type (SEY, 1977, 1980b). The Gracile-type of genital opening in P. cervi

. was described in connection with the species, Paramphistomum gracile. It was characterized by NÄSMARK (1937) by the entire absence of the radial musculature. The presence of such a musculature in the genital opening of P.cervi was already pointed out by FISCHOEDER (1903); in NASMARK's (1937) paper there is a controversy between the description and the figure accompanying the text (p. 447, Fig. 90). In the drawing the radial musculature is easily recognizable, moreover these muscle elements were also found in the single section of NASMARK's collection (Fig. 2). In examining NASMARK's section it was ascertained that it was prepared from a specimen kept in water before fixation (pharynx protruded, parenchymal cells enlarged and empty etc.). Thus, the structure attributed by NÄSMARK (1937) to this type of genital opening is rather an artificial picture and it is a consequence of a pre-fixative treatment (SEY, 1980b). Our observations, based on well-fixed test material of the species belonging to the genus with this type of genital opening (

P. cervi

, P. gotoi, P. gracile

) showed, however, that the radial musculature occurred as more or less developed muscular fibres (Figs. 3, 4, 5). The amended Gracile-type in the sense of the

J present paper shows similarity to the Epiclitum which was relegated as a synonym of the Gracile-type by KAMBUROV (1976). The Epiclitum-type was reserved by NÄSMARK (1937) for P. leydeni and P. epiclitum of this genus. The writer is of the opinion that the type of genital opening of P

. leydeni should be included in the presently amended Gracile-type but accepts the validity of the Epiclitum-type owing to the different structures in the Gracile-type (Fig. 6). Among the species, now regarded to by synonyms of P. cervi two types of acetabula (Paramphistomum, Liorchis) have been described. The structure of the Liorchis, created by VELICHKO (1966) for P. hiberniae (= Liorchis hiberniae) and P. scotiae (= L. scotiae) did not prove to be constant in the light of the examination carried out later by SEY (1974), KAMBUROV (1976, 1977), ODENING & GRÄFNER (1979). These authors were of the opinion that the Liorchis-type belongs to the Paramphistomum one, as outlined by NÄSMARK (1937). Recently PACENOVSKY & KRUPICER (1979), however, have found that the acetabulum of L. scotiae (= P. cervi in the sense of this paper) is of the Liorchis-type, as specified by VELICHKO (1966). More recently SEY (1980b) came to the conclusion, on the basis of the examination of VELICHKO'

s specimens that this type of acetabulum comes within the NASMARK's Paramphistomum-type

. Diagnosis: Body dimensions: length 6-14 mm, breadth 2-4 mm, dorso-ventral measurements 2.5-4.5 mm. Pharynx 0.8-1.2 mm in length, Liorchis-type with papillae (23-38 jum in length) along its anterior thirds, median circular layer well observable in Its full length. Caeca in lateral region, forming 4-5 convolutions, end parts tend to dorsal side at anterior margin of acetabulum. Oesophagus without muscular thickening. Genital opening: Gracile-type with weakly developed radial muscle fibres; diameter 0.300.93 mm; pars musculosa short, with a single convolution, prostatic cells in several rows. Testes: tandem or one somewhat obliquely behind th other, coarsely lobed with 3-5 lobuli; measurements: anterior, 1.8-2.2 by 2.3-2.9, dorso-ventral dimension: 1.3-1.8; posterior, 1.1-1.7 by 2.7-3.6, dorso-ventral dimension: 1.4-1.9 mm. Size of eggs: 116-189 by 52-116 jum. Acetabulum: 1.0-2.6 mm in diameter; DEI 9-23, DE2 15-48, DI 34-63, VE 12-28, VI 33-64, Paramphistomumtype. Synonyms: Festucaria cervi

. Zeder, 1790; Fasciola cervi Schrank, 1790; Fasciola elaphi Gmelin, 1791; Monostoma elaphi (Zeder, 1800); Monostoma conicum Zeder, 1803; Amphistoma conicum (Rudolphl, 1809); Amphistoma cervi Stiles & Hassal, 1900; Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder. 1790) of Maplestone, 1923, in part; of Travassos, 1934, in part; P. cervi (Schrank, 1790) of Dawes, 1936, in part; P. (Paramphistomum) cervi (Scrank. 1790) of Fukui, 1929, in part; P. leyden

i Näsmark, 1937; P. hiberniae Willmott, 1950 (= Liorchis hiberniae Velichko, 1966); P. scotiae Willmott, 1950 (= L. scotiae Velichko, 1966).