Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 36/1. (2016)
Botany
Regina FAS О LA research included: the determination of systematic belonging and protection status of rare species, using literature [1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8]. Results and discussions Forest ecosystem “Racovätii de Sud” by the presence of forest elements, landforms, meadow elements and hydrographic elements (Cere§novaj r.) is represented and characterized by the interaction between these biotic and abiotic elements. Along with landscape elements formed by gorges, rocky geological formations, river meanderings, are registered valuable biotic elements too, represented by rare species of flora and fauna. Diverse landscape of forest ecosystem “Racovätii de Sud” increases the chance of conservation of a number of threatened species and as result contributes to the growth of the biodiversity, having favorable conditions for mixtures of different types of vegetation, vegetation clumps of different structures, ecotons. It also represents a transition zone between different habitats, vegetation types of forest, meadow, marsh and aquatic, by the presence of ravines, river and lakes that are connected and flows into the river Nistru. Ceresnovät River crossing the forest ecosystem with frequent meanders and multiple thresholds provides more soil and air humidity and stimulates the creation of specific habitats for the animal and vegetation world, and also landscapes. Plant propagation in a given area of land is subject to abiotic environmental factors and therefore the presence of certain plants, in a given territory, reflects the character of ecological factors in that territory. Rich herbaceous layer composition (71 species) of the forest ecosystem “Racovätii de Sud” includes species with normal yearly lifecycle as well as species with lifecycle restricted to vernal period, which must be protected. Species of prevernal flowering, indicating the existence of short vegetation period due to the short time period with favorable environmental conditions, and also the lack of competition with other species within this range are: (Viola palustris), (Galanthus nivalis), (Crocus reticulatus), (Pulmonaria officinalis), (Primula veris), (Convallaria majalis) etc. (Tab. 1). Among the species of grass layer edifying characteristic to oak forests have been identified: (Asparagus tenuifolius), (Melica uniflord), (Polygonatum latifolium), (Polygonatum multiflorum). Under the canopy of trees persist sciophytes plant species (Anemone ranunculoides), (Asarum europaeum), (Ficaria verna), etc. In the meadow with higher level of moisture is present (Aegopodium podagraria). Within the studied forest ecosystem along with common species studied were recorded 17 species of plants with special conservation importance (Tab. 1), which are included in the Nomenclature of rare species of spontaneous flora of Moldova protected with law [6], expressed by national and international status of protection with a narrow tolerance range. During spring on sunny slopes of studied aria is spread a carpet made of common snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) vulnerable specie with highest frequency and with an abundance of 75% (Fig. 2). Bioecological forms - European (Mediterranean) geophyte; mesophyte specie, mesothermous, weakly acid-neutrophilic [4]. Status of protection — the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova (RBM) Red Book of Ukraine (RBU), Red List of the superior plants of Romania (RLR), CITES (II) (Tab. 1). On the slopes, can be met fritillary (Fritillaria montana) a vulnerable specie (Fig. 3). Previously this specie was encountered in regions Edinet, Balti, Orhei, but for our territory is mentioned for the first time. Bioecological forms - European geophyte (Mediterranean); mesohygrophilous species, mesothermal, weakly acid - neutrophilic. [4]. Status of protection — RBM, RBU. (Tab. 1) 24
