Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 36/1. (2016)

Botany

Stärmina Forest. Phytosociologic considerations

Fig. 2: Ecological indices of Quercetum fametto-cerris association

Analyzing the karyological spectrum of ass. Quercetum fametto-cerris (Fig. 3), a higher frequency of polyploid species (55.31%) has been observed, compared to the diploid species (40.42%) and diplo-polyploid species (4.25%). For ass. Quercetum farnetto-cerris the diploid index was calculated, which represents the rapport between the presences sum of all diploid species and the presences sum of all polyploid species. The value of diploid index (I.D.=0.729) is subunitary. The low value of diploid index shows that phytocoenosis are influenced by the pressures of disturbance factors.

Fig. 3: Karyological spectrum of Quercetum fametto-cerris association

The main categories of geo-elements of ass. Quercetum fametto-cerris are (Fig. 4): Eurasian (23%), out of which 81% are Eua (Med); Mediterranean (23%), out of which 73% are Med, and 27% are Med-Atl, with a genesis in a temperate-oceanic climate with higher temperatures; European (16%), native from the regions with a temperate-moderate climate of Europe; Balkan (12%), with the genetic center in Balcani region, among which Balkan-Caucasian elements can be noticed, as well as Balkan-Pannonian; Pontic (10%), out of which 60% are Pontic- Mediterranean, whose genesis has been created within a temperate-warm climate with a summery hydrous deficit, specific for Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, to which we can add 20% Pontic-Mediterranean-Central European species and 20% Pontic-Pannonian-Balkan species, probably connected through the climate offered by the Pliocene lakes; Central-European (6%), with initially area in regions with a temperate-moist and gentle climate in Europe; Cosmopolitan (6%); Circumpolar-boreal (2%); Adventive (2%).

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