Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32-34. (2014)

Botany

Conservation measures for saxicole species in Grädistea Muncelului Cioclovina Nature Park

Photo 1: The cage Cioclovina cu apä

Photo 2: Dealul Bolii

Results and discussions

The limestone karst habitats consist of beech forests, mesophilic and mezothermophilic vegetation on rocky, hilly, mountainous meadows, xerothermophilous and mesophilic in meadows and thickets.

Influence of the sub-Mediterranean resulted in the installation of thickets on calcareous rocks at low altitudes. Hedges of lilac — Syringa vulgaris, Fraxinus ornus and Sorbus borbasii grouped in Asplenio-Syringetum associations, are common in gorges, such as Crivadiei Gorges.

Nature reserves and park karst areas have substantial value for landscape and flora, forming an enclave of thermophilic species, with Dacian and Dacian-Balkanic elements, including four endemic species: Thymus comosus, Flepatica transsilvanica, Symphytum cordatum and Sorbus borbasii and two rare species: Dianthus petraeus and Sesleria rigida. One can also find samples of wild lilac, Syringa vulgaris, Fraxinus ornus and Sorbus borbassi. Throughout the park numerous rare taxons can be found, including: Sesleria rigida, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Herminium monorchis, Plantago holosteum, Peucedanum rochelianum, Festuca pseudodalmatica and the like.

Dealul Bolii is characterized as a floral, landscape and speological complex, home to thermophilic species such as Syringa vulgaris, Fraxinus ornus and endemic species Sorbus borbasii and Hepatica transsilvanica.

Of the plant species found in saxicole habitats we mention: Dianthus spiculifolius, Melampyrum bihariense, Hieracium transsilvanicum, Helleborus purpurascens, Sedum hispanicum, Cytisus albus, Cytisus austriacus, Euonymus verrucosus, Dictamnus albus, Silene armeria, Silene latifolia ssp alba, Sorbus aucuparia, Saxifraga cuneifolia, Daphne mezereum, Asplenium trichomanes, scolopendrium Asplenium, Asplenium ruta-pickling, Cardamine bulbifera, Carex montana, Clematis alpina, Thymus comosus, Erysimum comatum, vernus Crocus, Anemone nemorosa, Silene Saxifraga, cordatum Symphytum, Pulmonaria rubra, Daphne mezereum, Lonicera xylosteum, borbasii Sorbus, Syringa vulgaris, Hepatica nobilis, Soldanela ssp, etc..

Plant species have a particular vulnerability and are constantly under pressure, especially by the human population. Therefore it is necessary to specify general management measures for all species of interest.

For the protection and conservation of species of community interest some general management measures are required in oreder to maintain them at an optimal level, namely:

a) mapping, maintenance and enhancement of existing habitat and population monitoring;

b) Regulation of plant harvest.

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