Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30-31/3. (2011)
Nicolae Victor Fola: Evoluţia economică şi social-politică a oraşului Tărnăveni in perioada interbelică
Marisia XXX-XXXl Evolutia economicä §i social-politica a ora§u!ui Tärnäveni in perioada interbelicä Nicolae Victor FOLA Socio-political and economic developments in the interwar period the city Tärnäveni Abstract Throughout the time, the present town Tärnäveni has been an administrative centre of Tärnävei Micä area. Initially, it was the chief town of medieval country Tárnává, and in the modern age it was the chief town of Tárnává Micä county (during the austro - hungarian two - tier system); the period when, after the building of some public edifices, the urban aspect starts to take shape. But, even then, as during the inter - war period, it remained the centre of a modest territorial - administrative territorial unit as area and having an agrarian economical profile. Tärnäveni, an industrial town, was an exception after 1918. The beginning of the industrial development of the town, took place between 1916 - 1918, but the financing, the building and the extending of the industrial units, by profile, took place in the days of “The Big Romania”, when the specific infrastructure developed. The main industries were those of chemical and metallurgical profile - “Nitrogen” and “Micä”. Tärnäveni was the only producer of carbide in Romania ’s history, unfortunately, referring to part after it worked for more than a century. Besides these industries there was a company which produced a lot of assortments of glass and small enterprises, one of them being in a progress since the pre - war period. The industrial development took place in the third decade of the last century, being interrupted by the crisis from the period 1929 - 1933 and, subsequently, influenced by the political flusters in the fourth decade, ended up with the institution of the authoritarianism of King Carol al ll-lea and then of “the military authoritarianism” of Ion Antonescu. The translation to the war economy, the material and financial efforts, the human loss interrupted/fractured the initial course of the evolution of the Romanian parliamentary democracy and the institution of the communist regime under the trusteeship of the Soviet Union, misappropriated this positive evolution. Economically, Tärnäveni town would occupy a rather important role in the economy of the new social - political system, by enlargement and diversification of the production in conditions of industrializations and centralized planning. Of course, it was not important its administrative position (after war), it lost its importance, in the Stalinist reorganization system, and from 1968, it has belonged, administratively, Mure§ country. If during the inter - war period, the population increased due to the advancement of staff’s industrialization and specialization, after war the stable population of town increased progressive, but, because of the communist policy, the phenomenon of “commuting” amplified. This phenomenon was a lot shortened in the same time with the big institutions decline, in the last years. A§ezarea urbana cea mai importantä de pe cursui Tárnavei Mici, actualul municipiu Tärnäveni a beneficiat, ín perioada moderna §i mai ales Tn cea contemporanä de unele conditii favorizante (partial datoritä rolului säu administrativ), dezvoltarea economicä §i cea de ansamblu fiind dependentä de dezvoltarea economicä a Transilvaniei §i a tärii. Mult timp a fost re§edintä a comitatului medieval al Tárnavei, iar din anul 1879 a devenit re§edinta comitatului Tárnavei Mici, reunind §i unele enclave ale fostului Scaun al Media§ului. Activitatea administrativ-politicä se desfä§oarä §i pe valea Tárnavei Mici vei Mici conform legilor din anui 1870 §i 1889, organul suprem 295
