Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 31/1. (2011)
Articles
58 S. Berecki-S. J. Sztáncsuj wide, everted or inverted rim (Bartók 2005, pl. 48/1-2, Cristuru Secuiesc; Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pl. 1/5, Mugeni), the ‘Swedish helmet’ type lids (Székely 1964, fig. 2/8, Red; Ferenczi- Ferenczi 1975, pi. 1/13; II/9-drawn upwards, Cristuru Secuiesc), supports with everted rims (Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pl. 1/7, Mugeni), serving spoons (Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pi. I/10, Mugeni), anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figurines and vessels (Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pl. 1/9; II/2; III/2, 4, 6, 11, Mugeni; Sztáncsuj 2009, fig. 7/3, Reci), etc. The painted ornament is present in a very low proportion, represented by potsherds with bichrome or trichrome decoration; this last category includes the Cucuteni A-В ones (Székely 1964, fig. 3/1-2; 4/1-2, 4, Reci; Székely 1977, pl. II/1-2; Székely 1983, pl. III/8; IV/3, Cristuru Secuiesc). The Bodrogkeresztúr elements can be interpreted as imports represented by vessels of typical shape and decoration for this culture: ‘milk-pots’ (Székely 1983, pl. 1/9-11; III/9-10; IV/1-2, Cristuru Secuiesc), vessels with truncated cone shaped pedestals (Székely 1983, pl. 1/8, Cristuru Secuiesc), rectangular vessels (Székely 1964, fig. 2/8, Reci), deep bowls (Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pl. 11/13, Mugeni; Székely 1964, fig. 2/4, 7, Reci), vessels with lobed rim (Székely 1964, fig. 3/1; 4/4, Reci; Székely 1983, pl. III/1-2, Cristuru Secuiesc), decorated with net-shaped incised lines or Pseudofurchenstich type successive sticks, barbotine (Székely 1964, fig. 3/3-6, Reci; Székely 1983, pl. III/9-10; IV/1-2, Cristuru Secuiesc; see also Bartók 2005, pl. 24; 29; 33; 44; 51; Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pl. III/3, Mugeni), etc. In other cases they represent indirect influences, by overtaking and synthesizing different forms and decorative procedures from the two distinct cultural areas. Proofs for this phenomenon are some of the vessels and potsherds from Mugeni (Ferenczi-Ferenczi 1975, pi. III/1) and Reci (Székely 1964, fig. 2/5; 3/1; 4/4; see also László-Sztáncsuj 2010, 178-179), which by shape have their correspondents in the Bodrogkeresztúr culture, but their technique and ornament reminds us of the fine pottery from the Ariusd culture. Therefore, the elements mentioned can be interpreted as result of a cultural synthesis process. The chronological position of the discoveries from Cristuru Secuiesc, Mugeni and Tärgu Mures relating to the periodization of the Bodrogkeresztúr culture, as demonstrated before, is only approximate, since the sporadic and fragmentary character of the materials does not make possible a precise chronological classification. Exception would be the Bodrogkeresztúr type of discoveries from Reci, which date from the late phase of the culture, indicated by the pottery fragments ornamented with Pseudofurchenstich, the lobed rimed vessels, the rectangular vessels with stem decorated with impressed or cut cordon, or those with globular body and cylindrical neck. In present these forms appear together with the so called Scheibenhenkel horizon in the period of Bodrogkeresztúr В phase from eastern Hungary, transmitted further in the posterior chronological phase of the Hunyadi-halom culture (Patay 2005, 76-105; Patay 2008, 23-25, with further bibliography). Accordingly, based on the connexions shown and similarities, the materials from Reci could be an indicator for the chronological position of similar settlements from the Ariusd culture’s area, like the sites from Cristuru Secuiesc, Mugeni and Tärgu Mures. *** Finally, we can add-on that sporadic materials from the Bodrogkeresztúr culture are also known from other eastern Transylvanian settlements and sites as well: from Bixad-Vápa-vára (Székely 1951, 89, fig. 17/3, 13), Cheile Värghisului-Pestera Mare/Orbán Balázs (Roman 1971, 102, Abb. 33/2), Feldioara-Dea/u/ Cetätii (Roman 1971, 102-103; Comsa 1973, 45-46; Ionitä
