Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 31/1. (2011)
Articles
286 Sz. S. Gál 1. tr. inf. 34 mm, 1. sagit, inf. 28 mm), right tibia (length of bone 320 mm, 1. tr. 35 mm, 1. sagit. 36 mm, 1. tr. inf. 34 mm, 1. sagit, inf. 28 mm), right fibula (length of bone 317 mm), left and right calcaneus (length of bone 71 mm). From the pelvis there are the iliac bones (crista iliaca is not developed), pubian bone (facies ossis pubis in 3rd phase), sacrum, ischion bone (incisura ischiatica maior in ‘V’ shape). Martin No. Clavicle Humerus Ulna Radius Femur Tibia Fibula Calcaneus (mm)___________________________________________________________________________________ Graves. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. М3________ 122 122 296 296 | 212 212 395 395 320 320 317 317 71 71 Table 1. Since the ecto- and endocranian sutures are relatively closed, teeth are heavily worn - however the tooth decay does not mean an old age consequently the sutures of the skull, epiphysis part of long bones and sulcus preaericularis show an adult person (38-40 years old). The skull traits (shape of frontal bone, traits of glabela, mastoid process, occipital protuberance and mandible angle), the pelvis (shape of sacrum, ventral arch of the pubis bone, incisura ischiatica maior in ‘V’ shape), the dimensions of long bones (length of bones, head diam. of humerus and femur, linea aspera in the case of the femur, etc.) show signs of a female (-1, 2 after K. Éry). According to the Sjovold and Rösing methods, in the classification of R. Martin the deceased had a medium-high stature (152.62 cm). On the dorsal side of the iliac bone (right part) and on the dorsal side of the right femur (area of femural neck) and traces of bronze could be identified. Regarding the pathological signs, an abnormal ossification on the left clavicle (medial area) could be observed, probably because of an infection. Further, dental cavities and paradontosis could be identified, on the left orbits another anomaly, cribra orbitalia, could be observed which is considered the incipient phase of PH - Poroticus Hyperostosis - anaemia. The disease PH - a good lifestyle indicator for ancient people - is in connection with irregular nutrition of the communities. On thoracic vertebrae the signs of arthritis in incipient phase could be observed. *** On the territory of Romania the archaeological and anthropological discoveries belonging to Huns - civilization followed up to the 6th century (Bóna Et Al. 1993) - are very scarce (Szathmáry 1986), since this population spent only a brief period in the Central Danubian Basin. The anthropological analysis of the cemetery from Timisoara identified two adults and a young child. The dolichocranic deceased from grave no. 3 had a regular and high face construction, signs of the Nordic and East-Baltic skull type, variant spread among Gepids in the 5th-6th centuries AD. The pathological marks - cribra orbitalia PH, arthritis and heavily worn teeth (using primitive grindstones in food production) - indicate a primitive lifestyle. The most interesting skeleton came from grave no. 2. The deceased was a child with artificial cranial deformation (circular type with fronto-occipital direction). Had flattening was a widespread custom, a complex procedure of un-elucidated origin. It was realized by applying two bandages; the wider bandage runs down from the forehead via the temple to the occiput and surrounded the head ring-wise. The narrower bandage ran from the dome of the cranium down and under the chin (Fóthi 2000). The procedure was realized in two phases: at the first time two
