Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 29-30/2. (2010)
Botany
Mihaela SÄMÄRGHITAN Prunetum tenellae Soó 1947 The phytocoenoses of this association are located at the edge of the forest in silvosteppe and sunny slopes. In the studied area, dwarf Russian almond shrubs occupy the upper third of slopes with south and south-west exposure, intercalate with xerophylic and xeromesophylic meadows of Festuco-Brometea class. The characteristic species of Prunetalia order and of Prunion fruticosae alliance found in the studied phytocoenoses are: Crataegus monogyna, Prunus tenella, Pyrus pyraster, Rosa canina, Rosa gallica. The greatest number of species belongs to the Festuco- Brometa class (Table 3) that gives the characteristic xerophylic feature of these associations. Analyzing the phytocoenoses of this association in terms of ecological preferences, a predominance of xero-mesophilous (63.24%) and xerophilous species (11.77%) is noticeable. Depending on temperature requirements, the most numerous species are micro-mesothermal (52.95%) and eurythermal (10.36%). Regarding the soil reaction, low acid-neutrophilous species record the highest frequencies (57.36%), followed by euryionic species (17.65%), (Fig. 9). In the bioform spectrum (Fig. 10), in addition to the predominant hemicryptophytes (63.24%), terophytes (11.76%), and camephytes (10.29%) can also be found with significant frequencies. In the area and geographical structure of the association there are variable proportions of ten categories from the phytogeographically differently derived components. An Eurasian basis distinguishes itself (29.41%) over which Eurosiberian, European and Mediterranean species (13.23% each) have overlapped, the other types of floristic elements having a lower participation (Fig. 11). The caryologic analysis reveals the predominance of diploid species (47.76%), followed by polyploid (44.77%), diplo-polyploid species having a share of 7.46% (Fig. 12). NATURA 2000: 40A0* CLAS. PAL.: 31.8B12p, 31.8B13, 31.8B14, 31.8B3p Table 3: Prunetum tenellae Soó 1947 Relevee_____________________________________________1______2____3_____4_______5____6_____7___________ Altitude (m s.m.)__________________________________ 400 420 400 400 420 420 400 Aspect_____________________________________________V SV ~ V S SV SV SV Inclination_________________________________________45 45 30 40 40 10 30 Area (m2)__________________________________________100 100 100 100 100 100 100_________ Vegetation coverage (%)___________________________ 75 60 70 75 60 90 80 К Prunion spinosae (incl. Prunetalia)_______________ Prunus tenella____________________________________ 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 V Crataegus monogyna________________________________ + + + + - + — IV Pyrus pyraster______________________________________ + - — + — — — II Rosa canina__________________________________ ----+ + II Rosa gallica___________________________________ - -+ + --11 Querco-Fagetea__________________________________ Astragallus glycyphyllos___________________________ + + + — + — — III Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae___________________ Asparagus officinalis_____________________________ - — — + — - + II Peucedanum cervaria____________________________ - — + — - + — II 58
