Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 29-30/2. (2010)

Botany

Mesophilicgrasslands of Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class of Sighisoara-Tärnava Mare site

ARRHENATHERETALIA R.TX.1931 Arrhenatherion Koch 1926

Arrhenatheretum elatioris Br.-Bl.ex Scherrer 1925 Trisetetum flavescentis (Schröter) Brockmann, J. 1907, Beger 1922 Cynosurion R.Tx. 1947

Anthoxantho-Agrostetum tenuis (Silinger 1933) Jurko 1969 Festuco rubrae-Agrostietum capillaris Horv. 1951

1. PHYTOCOENOSES CHARACTERISTIC TO WET AND FLOODED MEADOWS

These hayfields are classified in Molinietalia and are present especially in wet meadows. The correspondence between habitat type in the classification system used at European level and Romanian level is:

NATURA 2000: 6430 Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities along plains and woodland edges and in the area of the subalpine tree line

CLAS. PAL.: 37.7 and 37.8

HDR: 3708, R3714

The following plant associations are divided in this type of habitat:

Angelico-Cirsietum oleracei Rixen 1937

Phytocoenoses are present in the form of broad strips in the Härtibaci Valley, at an altitude of 478 m, between the localities of Iacobeni and Stejäriju (N 46°02’, E 24°43’; identified on 2007.07.27), on alluvial pseudogleyic soils, rich in nutrients. Coenoses are tiered, with 96.5% coverage; the upper level is made of high weeds such as: Cirsium oleraceum (AD’), Angelica sylvestris (edifying species), Cirsium rivulare. Species of Calthion alliance are also present: Mentha longifolia, Geranium palustre, adding also the species of Molinietalia order: Equisetum palustre, Trifolium hybridum, Symphytum ojflcinale, Galium uliginosum, as well as species characteristic to Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class: Holcus lanatus, Trifolium repens. Species of Galio-Urticetea also penetrate the coenoses: Erigeron annuus, Myosoton aquaticum. The hygrophilic character is underlined by the characteristic species of Phragmito-Magnocaricetea class: Cirsium canum, Phragmites australis etc. Phytocoenoses were also infiltrated by species characteristic to Artemisietea class: Artemisia vulgaris, Arctium tomentosum.

The conservation value is low. Unlike previous years, areas occupied by these coenoses have greatly diminished due to conversion of such lands into arable land.

Filipendulo-Geranietum palustris Koch 1926

This association is met in the hill level and prefers basic soils. Coenoses were identified in Beia, Harghita County (N46 ° 07’, E25 ° 09 on 2007.07.18). Coenoses were studied at an altitude of 646 m, with vegetation coverage of 90.5%. Filipendula ulmaria (AD4) is predominant in coenoses formation, and Geranium palustre (AD1) has a subordinate role. The floristic diversity of the association is low. Besides the edifying species of Filipendulenion, other species have been identified: Lysimachia vulgaris, Mentha longifolia, of Calthion: Epilobium palustre, Myosotis scorpioides, Scirpus sylvaticus, and those in Molinietalia: Agrostis stolonifera, Cirsium canum, Cirsium rivulare, Deschampsia caespitosa, Epilobium parviflorum, Equisetum palustre, Galium palustre, Galium uliginosum, Juncus effusus (AD1), Lythrum salicaria, and Sanguisorba officinalis (AD1), and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea: Campanula patula ssp. patula, Carex pallescens, Dactylis glomerata, Lysimachia nummularia, Prunella vulgaris, Ranunculus repens, Symphytum officinalis etc.

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