Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30/1. (2010)
Articles
Archaeological Data Regarding the Medieval History of the Unitarian Church in Adämu§ 173 In the northern part of the trench, 0.50-0.70 m deep we found a foundation in west-east orientation. It was made of sandstone seasoned with some clayey-sandy poor quality material. The same foundation could be found under the buttress lying in the triumphal arch’s axis and was partly present in the eastern wall found in our trench. We identified this as the foundations of a sacristy joining a previous church’s sanctuary. We found the base of the foundation in a depth of 1.70 m. It was 0.80 m wide, 0.90-1.00 m thick and was lying on the yellow subsoil. The current sanctuary’s foundation was clearly built later and joined to the previously built sacristy’s foundation. The fact that the sanctuary’s northern wall was built on a completely new foundation, separate from that of the old sanctuary, leads us to believe that the latent foundations of the previous sanctuary may have been preserved and could be uncovered in the church’s interior. The polygonal sanctuary’s foundation base was found 1.65-1.70 m deep. It consists of dark grey sandstone slabs mixed with bricks; the mortar contains gravel and sand. No foundation brim was visible; however there is an obvious difference between the foundation and the brick elevation carried out in a more regular way. Parallel with the earlier sacristy’s northern wall, about 0.70 m far from it, we found a wall consistent with the above mentioned sanctuary’s foundation. This must have been built at the same time, the fact being proved by the wall portion kept in a half square meter surface on the western side which was built with the same bricks as that of the sanctuary. We presume to have discovered the western and northern walls of a sacristy, contemporary with the sanctuary and bigger than the previous one. We were not able to identify a trodden surface that could be stratigraphically justified, however we can indirectly mark its more or less definite place. The demolished older sacristy, as well as the later sanctuary and its belonging sacristy are mostly on the same level, 0.55-0.65 m deep. The bottom of the destruction level lies in the same depth and underneath it we found a 1-2 cm thick greenish-greyish clay layer. This was followed by the yellowish-brownish filling of the grave pits. The flooring of the earlier church’s sacristy must have been therefore roughly on the same level with the later sanctuary and its sacristy. This is well below the current surface, 0.50-0.60 m deep. The 0.50 m thick filling can be broken up into two parts; however this is not always obvious. We also ascertained unsettling caused by construction works carried out in the early 20th century. In the trench’s northern and south-eastern parts in the 0.20-0.25 m thick layer underneath the humus, several waste materials from the beginning of the 20th century turned up, pieces of Kikinda (Serbia) tile among others. In this surface twelve graves were excavated14 (Plate 2/a; 5/4): Ml. 25-30 years old Adult. The skeleton was preserved fragmentary. Skull. Thorax: 15 fragments from the diaphysis of ribs and 1 fragment from the stern (corpus sterni). Sex determination: it is not possible with classical methods. Age determination: the dimension and the surface of the ribs show adult characters. М2. 14-16 years old Juvenis Female. A detailed analysis was possible. The skeleton was preserved relatively good. Skull. Cranium: parietal, occipital, temporal and frontal bone, the degree of the galbella is 3, the protuberantia externa is 4. Bones of the face: fragments from the maxilla and mandible. Situation of teeth: teeth in the alveola: 12 (2), C (2), PM1 (2), PM2 (2), Ml, 14Gál 2009.
