Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 28. (2006)
Arheologie
The cups, deep or shallow bowls, beakers and jugs are represented by one or two fragments, and consequently we can not define general characteristics regarding aspects like color, polishing, tempering or decorating. Analyzing the entire amount of pottery one can affirm that most of them are of brick-red color or brown. In 66 % of cases it is superficially polished and the rest of the potsherds are moderately polished. The exclusively oxidizing burning is generally of high quality. In general, the vessels are sand- or coarsetempered, in most of the cases combined with milled potsherds and fine sand or chaff. Typology and Chronology Two of the pots belong to the common use vessels, of Vl-Roman, llla- Lazär or Vla-Ciugudean type (Plate 2/5; 3; 7/5). These are usual forms in the Late Copper Age’s sites and they have a moderate height and a large diameter of the rim1. Analogies for this type of vessels are known from Aiud, Cefa1 2, Herculane-Pe§tera Hotilor, Vali§oara3, or Bratei4. In Transylvania, these pots were found in all three phases of the Cotofeni culture5. A jug belongs to the X-Roman type (Plate 2/3; 7/3). These large recipients are frequent vessels they have biconic body, funnel shaped mouth and round belly. Applied on the neck, the A1-Roman type handle is tubular and it served for hanging6. These handles appear rarely on vessels; usually, they are in pairs and infirmly executed7. A lllb-Roman or Illb-Ciugudean type cup is unique because its handle is missing and the neck is executed in a particular way, unusual for this form8 (Plate 2/1; 7/1). In Central Transylvania these are dated in the Ist phase. The similar discoveries from Turia, Eastern Transylvania are dated in the same period9. A deep bowl can be classified as isolated ll-Roman or Il-Lazär type (Plate 4/6; 8/6). This form appears in the first period of evolution of the culture in Oltenia, but for Transylvania it was mentioned only for §incai. The second deep bowl described is of Ila1-Roman10 11 or Il-Lazär type, its margins are right, easily thicken (Plate 2/4; 7/4). These vessels are dated for the 1st phase in Eastern Transylvania with analogies at Leliceni-Locul Oprit. The IVb-Lazär type shallow bowls generally characterize the final period of the Cotofeni culture 11. A beaker classified as Vllc-Roman, Vllc-Ciugudean or VB-Méder type is specific to the Central and Eastern Transylvanian territory, with close analogies at Deva12 13 or Turia-Cimitirul romano-catolic13 where this kind of vessels were discovered together with materials from the first period of the culture (Plate 2/2; 7/2). 1 Roman 1976,21. 2 Ciugudean 2000, 156, 160, pi. 30/4, 34/1. 3 Molnár 2005, 317, fig. 5/4, 7. 4 Roman 1976, pi. 25/1,41/8, 76/6. 5 For the dating of the ceramics from Transylvania see Roman 1976, 22, 39, fig. 1, 5. 6 Roman 1976, 24, pi. 35. 7 Roman 1976, 37. 8 Roman 1976, 20, pi. 17/6. 9 Székely 1997, 124, pl. 111/1,2. 10 Roman 1976, 120, pl. 15/5. 11 Lazár 1978, 41, pl. ll/IVb, V/2, 3. 12 Roman 1976, 146, pl. 26/8, 46/9. 13 Méder 2004, 38, pl. 1/10-11,2/5,6. 11
