Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 23-24. (1994)
I. Arheologie
3 THE IRON AGE IN TRANSILVANIA 13 The settlement of Ghidfaldu is situated on the left bank of the Olt river, on the slope of a knoll. There two vessels were discovered: 1. The first is a big vessel, with polished surface, black-burned, and the inferior part has a tronconicaJ form, with a blended shoulder and decorated with prominences, and on the neck there are horizontal grooves (pi. 11/1). 2. The second is a big, polished vessel, with black paste and cylindrical neck, with big empty prominences on the shoulder, between them there are vertical grooves. The inferior part of the vessel is lacking (pi. 11/4). Another place of attestation of the Gdva culture in the Olt river valley is at Tusnad,9 (Hargita District), represented by two vessels, which are in the colection of the Museum from Miercurea Ciuc. These vessels are as follows: 1. The first is a vessel with black-burned paste and high and cylindrical neck, decorated with a band of grooves on the shoulder, accompanied by prominences. The inferior part of the vessel is lacking (pi. 11/2). 2. The second one is black-burned, with a bowed body, short cylindrical neck, decorated with horizontal grooves and two handles, on the shoulder there are bands of grooves in garlands (pi. 11/3). This form of vessel is known in the Piliny culture at Zagyvapálfalva and Csönged, Hungary, and these forms are belonging to an older stage of the Iron Age.10 About the penetration of the Gdva culture in the South-East of Transylvania, this fact was demonstrated by some vessels, discovered at Tg. Mures.11 The form of one of them is a combination between the tumular graves culture and the Gdva ones,12 The specialists' opinion about the Gdva culture is that this culture was developed in the superior course of the Tisa river, on the domain of spread of Piliny, Berkecs-Demecser, Otomani III, cultures, and Suciu de Sus probably.13 9 К. Horedt, Probiemeie ceramicii din perioada bronzului evoluat in Transilvania. Muzeul Brukenthal. Studii $i Comunicdri. 13, Sibiu, 1967, pag. 150. 10 T. Kemenczei, Die Zagyvapálfalva - Gruppe der Pilinyer Kultur, Acta Archaeologica, 19, 1967, fig. 15/19, Fr. Tompa, 25 Jahre Urgeschichtsforschung In Ungarn, 1912-1936, Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, 1934/35, pl. 48/2. 11 St. Kovács, A marosvásárhelyi őskori telep, skyta és népvándorláskori temeto. Dolgozatok, Cluj, 1915, pag. 254-256, fig. 22. T2 st. Foltiny, Neue Angaben zur Kenntnis der urnenfelderzeitlichen keramik im südlichen Teile der Karpatenbeckens, Apulum, MCML, XVII, 64, fig. 7-8. 13 A. László, Considerafii asupra ceramicii de tip Gáva din Hallstattul timpuriu, SCIV, 4, t. 24. 1973, pag. 598, Pozitia culturii Gáva, Aluta, VIIMX, 1976-77, pag. 39.
