Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 23-24. (1994)

I. Arheologie

THE BEGINNING OF THE IRON AGE IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF TRANSYLVANIA

SZÉKELY ZSOLT

The Iron Age - in the South-East Transylvania, wich includes the territory of Covasna and Harghita districts - was known for a long time through some accidentally discovered vessels from Villanovo type, like the ceramics from Red; (pl. II)1 becouse in this region excavations weren't made. To elucidate this gap the Museum from Sf. Gheorghe made investigations at the settlements from Reci, Cernat, Covasna District and from Porumbeni Mari and Sängeorgiu de Pädure, Harghita District. After these investigations settlements belonging to the Iron Age were discovered. The results of this investigations were partly published.2

The period of the tranzition from the end of the Bronze Age to the first Age of the Iron in the South-East Transylvania is represented by the Wietenberg and Noua cultures. Excepting these cultures we must keep account of the tumular graves culture, attestated in this region.3

Settlements of Noua culture were excavated in the region at Ghidfaläu,4 Turia,5 (Covasna District) and at Nicoleni6 (Harghita District).

1 M. Roska, Thesaurus Antiquitatum Transsilvanicarum, t.l. Praehistorica. Cluj, 1942. pag. 237.

2 Z. Székely. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Frühhalistattzeit und zum Gebrauch des Eisens in Rumänien. Dacia. N.S.X. 1966, pag. 209-219.

Idem, Afezäri din prima värstä a fierului ih sud-estul Transilvaniei. Muzeul Regional Sf. Gheorghe, 1966, pag. l-ll,pl. I-IX

Idem, Materiale, VII, 182-183. Nouvelles Données sur la Chronologie de l'äge du fer (Epoque du Hallstatt) en Transylvanie (R.S. de Roumanie), Actes du VH ~e Congres International des Sciences Préhistoríques et Protohistoriques, Prague. 1, pag. 735-738.

3 Ist. Rom. 1,1960, pag. 149

4 Z. Székely, Contributa privind epoca bronzului ih sud-estul Transilvaniei, Aluta, VIII-IX. 1976-77,

pag. 26-28.

5 X, On the left bank of Turia brook was uncovered a hut with a rich ceramics material. The hut has rectanhular form, with trace of club pale, with a round fireplace maked on stone. The ceramics material has some vessels with upward pointing band handles which are belonging to the Noua culture.

6 Z. Székely, Contribufii la dezvoltarea culturii Noua in sud-estul Transilvaniei, Muzeul Brukenthal, Studii $1 Comunicäri. 12. Sibiu, 1965. pag. 21-34. Consideratu privind dezvoltarea culturii Wietenberg ih sud-estul Transilvaniei, Aluta, XVII-XVIH, 1988, pag. 156-161.