Rózsa, George: The Documentation of Science Organization as an Emerging New Branch of Scientific Information (A MTAK kiadványai 32. Budapest, 1962)
4 too narrow for the scientific and technical revolution. Only socialism has the ability of carrying out this revolution and of utilizing its fruits for the benefit of society. ^ The Program, deals, in detail, with the utilization of the achievements of science and with problems of science-policy and organization. Its fundamental statement its that "Science itself becomes a direct productive force."* (italics mine) The Program emphasizes that "the most extensive acceleration of scientific and technical progress is a public affair of first importance . . ." (original italics) and "that tthe whole system of scientific and technical information, the study and diffusion off internal and foreign experiences should be examplarily organized". (italics mine) The Program deals, also in a separate subdivision, with the tasks of science, tlbe development of theoretical researches (with the most important problems facing the natural and social sciences), the linking of science with productions. 5 The problem-complex of organization, of developing productive forces, and raising labour productivity to a higher degree, on scientific principles, runs right through the Program. The size of the apparatus, working to solve this problem-complex comprising: the whole of production and the society in the Soviet Union, is illustrated by the following data which at the same time underlines the economic significance of science: there were 3 800 scientific institutions operating in 1960, of wfltich the total of research institutes was 1 500; the number of research workers amounted to 354 000, of which nearly 11 000 have the "doctor of sciences" (degree, and the number of scientists with a "candidate" degree is over 98 000.« The immense pace of development can be well seen by the fast growing number off research institutes of the Soviet Union: the number of research institutes in 1951 :1157, in 1960 : 1500 (while only 786 in 1941). The annual increase rdating to all scientific institutions was some 86 institutions (1951 : 2848, 1961 : 3800). 7 For the sake of comparison concerning research efforts we took ;a country with smaller financial resources, than the Soviet Union: Hungary. Data shown below will illustrate the development there. While before the liberation no mention could be made of asystem of research institutes, in 1961 organized research work Avas carried out in 125 institutes and in more thaau 600 other research workshops (at university and high school chairs mainly). Total number of personnel employed in scientific institutions is 13 792, as of the end of 1960. Of this number the researchers and assistant 3 A kommunizmus építőinek kongresszusa. (Congress of the builders of Communism.) 17—31. Ott. 1901. Budapest, 1961, Kossuth. 502 p. (The Program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union : 355—482. pp.) * MSRX refers with a wise foresight to this process. To tlio elaboration of theso references see: KOSEL, G.: Produktivkrajt — Wissenschaft. Berlin, 1957, Die Wirtschaft. 140 p. 3 Program : II. part V. chapter 3. subdivision. 6 KBTLDYSII, M. V.: Sovietskaya nauka i stroitclslvo kommunizma. Pravda, June 13, 1901. 1—pp. ' Bit a: NYILAS József: Korunk tudományos-technikai forradalma . . . (Scientificleelmical revolution of our age...) Bp. 1901. 208 p. Manuscript. SZEKÉNYI Sándor — WiiíTB Adám: A szovjet tudomány és felsőoktatás a kommunizmus építésének kibontakozó szakaszában. (Soviet science and higher education in the emerging phase of the building sfTCommunism.) Társad. Szle. 1901. 11. no. 83—96. pp.
