Braun Tibor, Glänzel Wolfgang, Schubert András: Országok, szakterületek, folyóiratok tudománymetriai mutatószámai 1981-1985 (A MTAK Informatikai És Tudományelemzési Sorozata 6., 1992)
Indicators - Relational charts - Activity and Attractivity Indices
A. SCHUBERT, W. GLÄNZEL, T. BRAUN : SCIENTOMETRIC DATAFILES Relational charts Being related to subject-specific reference standards, both the RCR and the unified citation score enables direct comparison and even linear ranking of the citation impact of publications in different fields or subfields of science. Since, however, even within a single subfield, various countries may use publication channels (journals) of very different quality, one-dimensional comparisons based on any single indicator may be misleading. A twodimensional relational chan 1 3 displaying both observed and expected citation rates is usually much more instructive. Relational charts are simple two-dimensional orthogonal diagrams with identically scaled axes displaying quantities such that the "main diagonal" (the straight line y = x) to represent some kind of "balanced" situation. Activity and Attractivity Indices The Activity Index (AI) >s defined as the country's share in world's publication output in the given field AI = the country's share in world's publication output in all science fields or, equivalently, the given field's share in the country's publication output AI = the given field's share in world's publication output Activity indices in this study are based on total publication counts for the 1981-1985 period. AI was first proposed by Frame 1 6 and was refined, among others, by Braun & al. 1 7 It characterizes the relative research effort a country devotes to a given subject field. AI = 1 indicates that the country's research effort in the given field corresponds precisely to the world average; AI > 1 reflects higher-than-average, AI < 1 lower-than-average effort dedicated to the field under study. It should be kept in mind that no country can show high ATs in all science fields. The definition makes clear that the average of the ATs, properly defined over the different fields must be equal to one for each single country. 12 Scicntnmrlrics 16(19X9)
