Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)

Glossary

Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism.

Haplogroup: The group of haplotypes originated from the same recent ancestor.

Haplotype: A continuous segment of the genome which is inherited from a given parent.

Heteroduplex: DNA/DNA or DNA/RNA double helix of nucleic acid molecules originated from different sources.

Hybridization: Conjoining of complementary DNA or RNA segments.

Intron: A segment of pre-mRNA which is eliminated during the maturation of the mRNA. Intron is not responsible for protein encoding.

Karyotype: Chromosomal makeup of a cell.

Locus: A position/region on a chromosome.

Melting temperature (Tm): The temperature at which the DNAs double strand is halfway untwisted.

Mismatching: Non-canonical basepairs connecting in a flawed manner during hybridization.

Motif: Repeating unit, pattern.

mtDNA: Mitochondrial DNA.

Mutation: Any kind of change in the DNA sequence (point mutation, deletion, translocation, etc.).

NGS: Next generation sequencing, the most current method of determining the DNA base order.

Non-coding DNA: Accounts for over 90% of the cell’s DNA stock, does not code peptides or RNA.

OPLL: Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

P, q: Short (p) and long (q) arms of the chromosome.

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